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The protein‐nanoparticles conjugate has been developed as a targeted drug delivery system which selectively and preferentially delivers the therapeutic agents. Here, the alpha‐lactalbumin (ALA) was purified by size exclusion chromatography and confirmed by gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MS). Functionalization of gold nanoparticles (AuNP, ∼29 nm) with ALA was optimized by light scattering and zeta potential measurements. The nanoconjugates (AuNP‐ALA) and ALA showed strong binding and affinity with curcumin and gemcitabine studied using biophysical analysis. The presence of native form of curcumin with ALA was investigated by MS. 8‐anilino‐1‐naphthalenesulfonic acid binding assay showed 95 % surface hydrophilicity of ALA. Circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis shows increased alpha‐helicity due to the binding of drugs, revealed large increase in non‐covalent interaction. Vesicular membrane interaction with ALA and nanoconjugate exhibited strong interaction at the vesicles surface. The alpha‐lactalbumin‐nanoparticle conjugate in combination with drugs, could be exploited to establish a targeted drug delivery system.

The current study presents a simple, low-cost, and rapid method for producing a-amylase capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The electromagnetic irradiation approach significantly reduced reaction time and resulted in the nucleation of silver ions for nanoparticle formation. The electromagnetic energy (300 nm to 650 nm) and electrical potential (7 mV) have been tuned. This study outlines how electromagnetic energy is irradiated to cause chemical processes in the nucleation and development of silver ions. The incident energy wavelength varies from lower to higher wavelength; the Ag ? reduction rate slows and becomes more kinetically and dynamically regulated. The incident photon energy causes silver ions to reduce, resulting in stable colloidal AgNPs. The formation of particles of various sizes, like UV-light (68.2 nm), Blue light (59.7 nm), Green light (94.4 nm), Yellow light (79.2 nm), Orange light (91.3 nm), Red light (74.2 nm), and Electrical energy (98.3 nm). X-ray diffraction assesses the purity and crystalline nature of AgNPs, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyze the shape and morphology. The approach has been thoroughly documented and confirmed using UV-Visible spectroscopy, DLS, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Particles were deposited on steel electrodes for use in industrial and medicinal applications.