Background Migraine is a cause of recurrent headaches in

AbstrakEpilepsi merupakan suatu kondisi kronis yang disebabkan oleh gangguan fungsi otak. Keadaan ini merupakan penyulit yang biasa ditemukan pada berbagai gangguan neurologis seperti kelumpuhan otak (cerebral palsy: CP) yang dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan otak lebih lanjut, terutama apabila disertai dengan serangan kejang yang berlangsung lama. Insidens epilepsi pada penyandang CP berkisar antara 25 -35%. Insidens epilepsi yang sering pada pasien penyandang CP menunjukkan bahwa kedua kelainan tersebut agaknya mempunyai penyebab yang sama atau saling berhubungan. Kami melaksanakan suatu studi retrospektif untuk menentukan apakah insidens epilepsi berbeda tergantung pada tipe CP. Data diambil dari rekam medik, meliputi: nama, jenis kelamin, paritas, usia ibu, penatalaksanaan pra, peri dan pasca lahir serta hasil rekaman EEG. Pengolahan data menggunakan uji statistik X 2 pada P < 0,05. Didapatkan di antara 67 kasus dengan CP, 53 bertipe CP spastik, 13 kasus campuran dan 1 CP diskinetik. Lelaki 47,8%, Perempuan 52,2% dengan usia rerata 50,3 (SD 36,3) bulan. Pada 25 pasien dengan CP yang berhubungan dengan epilepsi ditemukan 72% dengan kejang umum, 20% dengan kejang parsial, dan 8% dengan spasme infantil. Insidens epilepsi ternyata menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (P < 0,05) tergantung tipe CP dan usia kehamilan saat pasien dilahirkan. Disimpulkan bahwa insidens epilepsi pada pasien penyandang CP di YPAC medan ialah 37,3%, dan terdapat perbedaan bermakna sesuai tipe CP dan usia kehamilan saat pasien dilahirkan. AbstractEpilepsy is a chronic condition due to cerebral function disorders. Epilepsy occurs as a common complication of many neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy (CP) that can cause further brain damage if especially they are accompanied with prolonged seizure. The incidence of epilepsy among patients with CP varies, 25-35%. The high incidence of epilepsy among patients with CP suggests that these disorders has common or related origins. We carried out a retrospective study to determine the incidence of epilepsy among patients with CP registered July 1988 to June 1998 in YPAC Medan and to determine whether the incidence of epilepsy was different according to type of CP. Data was compiled from medical records, including name, sex, parity, mothers age, prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal history, and EEG resuts. Data were analysed using statistical computer program and its significance was evaluated by chi square test at p < 0.05. There were 67 cases with CP, 53 cases spastic CP, 13 cases mixed CP and one case dyskinetic CP. Of the 67 cases CP, 47.8% were male, 52.2% female with the mean age of 50.3 (SD 36.9) months. There were 25 (37.3%) patients CP associated with epilepsy, 72% general seizures, 20% partial seizures, and 8% infantile spasm. The incidence of epilepsy was significantly different among patients with CP associated with the type of CP and gestational age, p < 0.05. We concluded that the incidence of epilepsy among patient with CP in YPAC Medan was 37.3% and showed significant difference i...

Epilepsy is a chronic condition due to cerebral function disorders. Epilepsy occurs as a common complication of many neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy (CP) that can affect further brain damage especially if they are with prolonged seizure. The incidence of epilepsy among patients with CP varies between 25-35%. The high incidence of epilepsy among patients with CP suggests that this disorder has common or related origins. We carried out the retrospective study to determine incidence of epilepsy among patients with CP registered within July 1988 to June 1998 in YPAC Medan and to determine whether the incidence of epilepsy differed according to type of CP. Data were compiled from medical records, including name, sex, parity, mothers age, prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal history, and EEG results. Data were analyzed using statistical computer program and its significance was evaluated by chi square test at p < 0,05. There were 67 cases with CP, 53 cases spastic CP, 13 cases mixed CP and one case dyskinetic CP. Of the 67 cases CP, 47,8% male, 52,2% female and mean age 50,3 (SD 36,9) months. There were 25 (37,3%) patients CP associated with epilepsy, 72% general seizures, 20% partial seizures, and 8% infantile spasms. The incidence of epilepsy was significant different among patients with CP associated with type of CP and gestasional age, p < 0,05. We concluded that incidence of epilepsy among patients with CP in YPAC Medan was 37,3% and significantly different among patients with CP according to type CP and gestasional age.

Abstrak Anak cerebral palsy memiliki masalah kesulitan makan yang menyebabkan asupan zat gizinya kurang, sehingga peran pengasuh sangatlah penting. Posisi pemberian makan adalah salah satu cara untuk mengatasi masalah makan pada anak cerebral palsy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan pengasuh tentang posisi pemberian makan dengan asupan energi dan protein pada anak cerebral palsy di Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Cacat (YPAC) Malang. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional study. Subjek (12 pengasuh) dipilih dengan cara total sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 66,7% tingkat pengetahuan pengasuh tentang posisi pemberian makan tergolong baik. Rerata asupan energi dan protein anak lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan angka kecukupan gizi. Sejumlah 75% anak cerebral palsy memiliki asupan energi defisit (42% asupan defisit berat dan 33% defisit ringan). Sementara itu, 50% anak memiliki asupan protein defisit (33% asupan defisit berat dan 17% asupan defisit ringan). Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan pengasuh tentang posisi pemberian makan dengan asupan energi maupun dengan asupan protein (masing-masing, p = 0,994 dan p = 0,526). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan pengasuh tentang posisi pemberian makan dengan asupan gizi anak cerebral palsy. Kata kunci: cerebral palsy, energi, makan, posisi, protein. Abstract Cerebral palsy children have eating problem that cause in low nutrient intake. So, the caregiver role is very important to prevent eating problems. Feeding position is one of techniques, which is a solving for eating problem in cerebral palsy. This study was aimed to explain about relationship between feeding position knowledge of caregiver and nutrition intake in cerebral palsy children at YPAC Malang. The study design was cross-sectional study. Subjects (12 caregivers) were selected by total sampling method based on the inclusion criterias. The results showed 66.7% of the caregiver level of knowledge were good. The mean of energy and protein intake were lower than dietary reference intakes (DRI). Energy intake was 75% classified as deficit (42% severe deficit and 33% mild deficit). Furthermore, the percentage of protein intake was classified as deficit by 50% (33% severe deficit and 17% mild deficit). Pearson correlation test showed there was no association between caregiver's feeding position knowledge with energy intake, and also with protein intake (p = 0.994 and p = 0.526, respectively). In conclusion, there is no relationship between caregiver's knowledge on feeding position with nutrition intake in cerebral palsy children.

Background Headaches are common problems in adults, family life, and even society. An assessment of quality of life in adolescents with primary headaches may help to determine actions necessary to improve the quality of life of these patients.