BackgroundDermatoglyphics is frequently used in understanding the proximity with non-communicable diseases including diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases all over the world. The present study is an attempt to understand the association of palmer dermatoglyphic traits [i.e. a-b ridge count (ABRC), c-d ridge count (CDRC), presence of multiple number of axial triradii (t, t' & t") in a single palm, td ridge count (TDRC), atd angle, btd angle and ctd angle] with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material and methodsSubjects included 30 clinically diagnosed adult female T2DM patients and 60 healthy controls from the Bengalee Hindu Caste population of West Bengal, India. Bilateral palm prints were collected following standard ink and roller method. Results Present study revealed that T2DM patients have significantly (p<0.05) lower ABRC, CDRC and TDRC. On the other hand, significantly (p<0.05) higher presence of multiple number of axial triradii t, t' & t" was found in the palm of T2DM patients compared to the controls. T2DM patients also demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) higher values of atd and btd angle. However, T2DM patients demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) lower value of ctd angle than that of controls, only when both hand were considered. ConclusionThe results the present study indicated that dermatoglyphic traits may be used for early identification of at risk individuals for surveillance with a view to prevent the disease onset.Journal of Biomedical Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016

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Dermatoglyphic traits area well-known clinical marker for several congenital malformations and neurodevelopment disorders. The dermatoglyphic patterns and neural tissues originate from the ectodermic layer within the first and second trimesters of intrauterine life and are unaltered throughout an individual's life. Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant disturbances in social-communicative and behavioral functioning. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first attempt to understand the relationshipbetween Papillary Number (PN) and Main Line Index (MLI) as an assessment of Sexual Dimorphism among the Autisticpatients from Bengalee Hindu caste population of West Bengal, India. To achieve this purpose, bilateral palm prints of 100 (67 males and 33 females) diagnosed Autistic patients and 100 (55 males and 45 females) healthy controls without any family history of Autism have been collected from the Bengalee Hindu caste population of West Bengal. All the prints were collected by the standard Ink and Roller Method (Cummins & Midlo, 1961).The result demonstrated that significant (p<0.05) sexual dimorphism on the PN and MLI was found between the Autistic males and Autistic females combing both hands. Nevertheless, the controls never showed any sexual dimorphism in the context of PN and MLI. Therefore, the present study suggests that the sexual dimorphism of the PN and MLI among Autistic patients might be other beneficial dermatoglyphic traits for Autism detection.

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