In the blooming era of the Internet of Things (IoT), trust has been accepted as a vital factor for provisioning secure, reliable, seamless communications and services. However, a large number of challenges still remain unsolved due to the ambiguity of the concept of trust as well as the variety of divergent trust models in different contexts. In this research, we augment the trust concept, the trust definition and provide a general conceptual model in the context of the Social IoT (SIoT) environment by breaking down all attributes influencing trust. Then, we propose a trust evaluation model called REK, comprised of the triad of trust indicators (TIs) Reputation, Experience and Knowledge. The REK model covers multi-dimensional aspects of trust by incorporating heterogeneous information from direct observation (as Knowledge TI), personal experiences (as Experience TI) to global opinions (as Reputation TI). The associated evaluation models for the three TIs are also proposed and provisioned. We then come up with an aggregation mechanism for deriving trust values as the final outcome of the REK evaluation model. We believe this article offers better understandings on trust as well as provides several prospective approaches for the trust evaluation in the SIoT environment.

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Currently there is a great demand for trained cyber security professionals with hands-on skills. The need for these professionals stems from our reliance on technology in many aspects of our daily lives and the smooth running of modern governments, education and health services. These professionals are desperately needed to defend cyberspace from threats such as hackers and malware who threaten to disrupt such services daily. This paper presents an insight into current approaches taken in the practical teaching of cyber security. We also give requirements and best practices for future training platforms based on a defined teaching process.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of wireless sensor nodes networked together. It is a complex set of applications, link technologies, communication protocols, traffic flows and routing algorithms. Simulation is a predominant technique used to study and analyse the performance and potency of a senor network design. Since there are a huge variety of simulation tools available for WSNs, which vary in their characteristics and capabilities, it is often very difficult to decide which simulation tool to choose and which one is more appropriate for large-scale WSNs. To address this issue, in this paper, we review some of the most widely-used and stateof-the-art simulation tools for WSNs. This distinguishing feature of this paper is that we identify the key limitations of the reviewed simulation tools and inspect their suitability for largescale WSNs. We review and investigate simulation tools based on a new set of preferred criterion, i.e. popularity, accessibility (open-source), complexity, accuracy, scalability, extensibility and availability of various models and protocols.

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