SUMMARYThis paper proposes a design of access control system (ACS) for fiber-to-the-home passive optical network (FTTH-PON). Our design works on a standard local area network using a specially designed hardware interfaced with a microcontroller integrated Ethernet to monitor the status of optical signals flow and provides the restoration against fiber failures/faults in FTTH-PON. We also introduce the centralized troubleshooting system by means of Smart Access Network Testing, Analyzing, and Database (SANTAD). ACS is the subsystem that controls the troubleshooting mechanism carried out by SANTAD. This design will be implemented together with optical line terminal (OLT) at central office (CO) to centralized monitoring and for controlling each optical fiber line's status as well as detecting any failure that occurs in the network system downwardly from CO toward multiple optical network units at different customer residential locations. The scope of this discussion highlighted only the monitoring and controlling instead of the restoration scheme offered.

This paper presented a simple monitoring, protection switching, and fast restoration approach

Problem statement: Instead of using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) to develop the coded spectrums, which consist of expensive elements, the grating also are highly sensitive to environmental changes and this will contribute to the increment of capital and operational expenditures (CAPEX and OPEX). Approach: This study presented the development of low-cost 16-ports encoding device for Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) systems based on Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) devices and optical switches. The encoding device is one of the new technologies that used to transmit the coded data in the optical communication system by using AWG and optical switches. It provided a high security for data transmission due to all data will be transmitted in binary code form. The output signals from AWG were coded with a binary code that given to an optical switch before it signal modulate with the carrier and transmitted to the receiver. The 16-ports encoding device used 16 Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT) toggle switches to control the polarization of voltage source from +5 V to -5 V for 16 optical switches. When +5 V was given, the optical switch will give code '1' and vice versa. Results: We found that the insertion loss, crosstalk, uniformity and Optical Signal-NoiseRatio (OSNR) for the developed prototype are <12 dB, 9.77 dB, <1.63dB and ≥20 dB. Conclusion: We had successful developed the AWG-based OCDMA encoding device prototype and characterized using linearity testing and continuous signal testing. The developed prototype was expected to be applied in the optical communication system on Passive Optical Networks (PONs).

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Thermal noise is generated naturally by thermal agitation of electron in a conductor commonly found in optoelectronic (O/E) device. In spite of the optical medium is totally immune to noises but it is not exception to occur in receiver parts. In communication, thermal noises have major influenced to the quality of receiver. It is directly proportional to the resistance and temperature. The lower the thermal noise the higher and expensive is this receiver sensitivity. The paper starts comprehensive study on thermal noise effect to the network performance in terms of bit-error rate (BER), maximum Q-factor, eye height, and maximum distance. Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network is used as a test field to study the impact of two different values of thermal noise to the network parameters. We use the receiver sensitivity fixed at -22 dBm to study and analyze the parameters. The Opti-System simulation is used to obtain the desired research objective.