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Background: Considering the benefits of breastfeeding and the role of breastfeeding in the transmission of COVID-19, the mother can continue breastfeeding, while applying the necessary protective measures. Aim: to assess knowledge and practices of breastfeeding mothers regarding protective measures for their neonates from COVID-19. Design: A descriptive correlational design. Subject: A convenient sample of 104 breastfeeding mothers and a purposive sample of their hospitalized neonates. Setting: The NICUs at Maternity and Gynecological Hospital and Children's Hospitals affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospital and Benha Specialized Pediatric Hospital affiliated to Ministry of Health and Population. Tools: (1) Interviewing Questionnaire contained 3 categories: Characteristics of the studied mothers, breastfeeding history of mothers, knowledge of mothers about COVID-19 & protective measures during breastfeeding, (2) Neonatal Medical Record included characteristics of the studied neonates (3) Observational Checklists regarding hand hygiene, wearing & removing face mask, respiratory hygiene, preventing coronavirus spread practices, breastfeeding practice and milk expression. Results: less than three quarters of studied mothers had unsatisfactory knowledge regarding protective measures of COVID-19 and more than half of them had unsatisfactory practices regarding protecting their neonates from COVID19. Conclusion: Findings of present study concluded that there was a statistical significant relation between studied mothers' total knowledge and their education, age & job. Whereas, there was a statistical significant relation between their total practice and their educational level and there was a positive correlation between mothers' total knowledge and their total practice toward protective measures for their neonates against COVID-19. Recommendations: designing and implementing educational programs to improve mothers' knowledge and practices about protective measures of COVID-19 during breastfeeding their neonates.

Background: Pain it is a multidimensional phenomenon with sensory, physiological, cognitive, affective, behavioral and spiritual components. The evidence-based nursing practice supports the use of non-pharmacologic interventions in relieving acute postoperative pain for children undergoing abdominal surgery. Aim: The study aimed to assess postoperative pain for children undergoing abdominal surgery. Design: A descriptive design was utilized to carry out this study. Setting: The study was conducted at Pediatric Surgical Departments in two university hospitals namely, Children's Hospital affiliated to

Context: Children undergoing surgery may experience pain and discomfort. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to completely prevent postoperative pain and discomfort with analgesics. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in non-pharmacological interventions through expressive arts therapy. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of expressive arts therapy interventions on the comfort of children undergoing surgery. Methods: A quasi-experimental design utilized in this study. This study conducted at the Pediatric Surgical Department in Children's Hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, on a purposive sample of 84 children undergoing surgery. Children randomly assigned to two equal groups (control group 42 and study group 42). A child's assessment record was used to gather data related to characteristics of the studied children and surgery data. Pain assessment record to assess the child's physiological and physical parameters of pain. A Numeric Pain Rating Scale to assess a child's pain intensity. State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory for Children to measure anxiety levels.  Besides, A Comfort Assessment Scale to assess children's numerical pain intensity and discomfort. Results: There are statistically significant differences in mean pain intensity scores were observed between the control and study groups on the second day after surgery and before discharge (p > 0.05). The mean anxiety scores were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group in the day after surgery and before discharge (p < 0.05). Also, there were observed improvements in mean comfort scores between the study and the control group on the day after surgery scores and on the day of discharge with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences at (p-value=0.000) between children in the control and study group regarding children's postoperative pain intensity, anxiety levels, and comfort scores. Conclusion: The application of expressive arts therapy interventions was positively improving comfort and reducing pain intensity and anxiety levels among children undergoing surgery in the study group compared to the controls, emphasizing the importance of using expressive arts therapy interventions for improving children's postoperative comfort.