Background: Considering the benefits of breastfeeding and the role of breastfeeding in the transmission of COVID-19, the mother can continue breastfeeding, while applying the necessary protective measures. Aim: to assess knowledge and practices of breastfeeding mothers regarding protective measures for their neonates from COVID-19. Design: A descriptive correlational design. Subject: A convenient sample of 104 breastfeeding mothers and a purposive sample of their hospitalized neonates. Setting: The NICUs at Maternity and Gynecological Hospital and Children's Hospitals affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospital and Benha Specialized Pediatric Hospital affiliated to Ministry of Health and Population. Tools: (1) Interviewing Questionnaire contained 3 categories: Characteristics of the studied mothers, breastfeeding history of mothers, knowledge of mothers about COVID-19 & protective measures during breastfeeding, (2) Neonatal Medical Record included characteristics of the studied neonates (3) Observational Checklists regarding hand hygiene, wearing & removing face mask, respiratory hygiene, preventing coronavirus spread practices, breastfeeding practice and milk expression. Results: less than three quarters of studied mothers had unsatisfactory knowledge regarding protective measures of COVID-19 and more than half of them had unsatisfactory practices regarding protecting their neonates from COVID19. Conclusion: Findings of present study concluded that there was a statistical significant relation between studied mothers' total knowledge and their education, age & job. Whereas, there was a statistical significant relation between their total practice and their educational level and there was a positive correlation between mothers' total knowledge and their total practice toward protective measures for their neonates against COVID-19. Recommendations: designing and implementing educational programs to improve mothers' knowledge and practices about protective measures of COVID-19 during breastfeeding their neonates.

Background: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a syndrome of failed circulatory adaptation at birth due to delay or impairment in the normal fall in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) that occurs after birth. Aim of the study: To assess performance of nurses caring for neonates with PPHN. Design: A descriptive design was used in this study. Settings: This study was carried out in neonatal intensive care units at Children's Hospital and Obestatric Gynacological Hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University and Fayoum General Hospital affiliated Ministry of Health in Fayoum Governorate. Subjects: A convenient sample of all available staff nurses (100) and working in the previously mentioned settings. A Purposive sample of neonates with inclusion criteria: Neonates with gestational age more than 37 weeks of gestation and their birth weight more than 2500 gm, and exclusion criteria: Neonates with congenital anomalies and neonates with other chronic disorders. Data collection: Three tools were used in this study as follows, 1. Predesigned questionnaire, 2. Observational checklist and 3. Attitude rating scale. Results: Findings revealed that high statistically significant relation, positive correlation between total knowledge with total attitude and positive correlation between total knowledge with total practice, total attitude and total practice. Conclusion: More than half of studied nurses had good knowledge about PPHN, three quarters of studied nurses had competent practice during caring for neonates with PPHN, and the majority of them had positive attitude regarding caring for neonates with PPHN. Recommendations: Increasing staff nurses knowledge through educational program and training courses.