Background Necrosis of frontotemporal skin and/or the ipsilateral scalp with subsequent alopecia after hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injection into the temple are rare and newly reported complications, with superficial temporal artery (STA) embolization suspected as the major pathological mechanism. The main treatment currently is intralesional hyaluronidase (HAase) injection, but the effectiveness of percutaneous superficial temporal arterial HAase injection still lacks consensus. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of superficial temporal arterial HAase injection in dissolving HA filler-induced necrosis of frontotemporal skin and/or the ipsilateral scalp with subsequent alopecia. Methods In this study, 5 recent clinical cases with necrosis of frontotemporal skin and/or the ipsilateral scalp with subsequent alopecia after HA filler injection into the temple were analyzed retrospectively. The patients underwent HAase injection via STA combined with adjunctive treatments, and the clinical progress was observed. Results The significant improvement was observed in terms of necrosis of frontotemporal skin and the ipsilateral scalp after treatment and the patients were relieved of their clinical symptoms. Alopecia occurred approximately 1 to 2 weeks after HA filler injection, and the well-defined alopecia areas were formed about 15 to 20 days after HAase injection. Patients were subsequently followed for 3 to 6 months. During follow-up, the skin lesions of all patients were restored to near normal appearance. Hair regrowth was observed 2 to 3 months after HAase treatment and the hair density nearly reached the normal level 3 to 4 months later. Conclusion Percutaneous superficial temporal arterial HAase injection is an effective treatment option for HA filler-induced necrosis of frontotemporal skin and/or the ipsilateral scalp with subsequent alopecia.

Pathological scar is a classic problem in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Although the researches on pathological scar have been conducted for decades, the way to go to address this thorny problem still remains challenging. To the best of our knowledge, few bibliometric analysis concerning pathological scar have been reported. In this study, we set out to employ bibliometric and visual analysis to offer research status and trends of pathological scar over the period 2001–2021. All publications covering pathological scar during 2001–2021 were retrieved and extracted from the Web of Science database. We applied VOSviewer software to evaluate the keywords and research hotpots, and the online tool (http://bibliometric.com/) was used to carried out the publication trends analysis. A total of 2221 pathological scar‐related articles were identified over the period 2001–2021. China is the country which had the largest volume of publications (819, 36.87%), followed by the United States (416, 18.73%), Japan (144, 6.48%), Korea (142, 6.39%), and England (118, 5.31%). Among the institutions and journals, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (167) and Wound Repair and Regeneration (85) accounted for the most papers related to pathological scar, respectively. Professor Bayat A, who had the most citation frequency (2303), made great contribution in pathological scar field. “Fibroblast”, “expression”, and “proliferation” were identified as the pathological scar research hotspot through analysis of the keywords. In terms of publication, China ranked first all over the world, but the numbers of publication are inconsistent with the citation frequency, ranking first and second, respectively. Shanghai Jiao Tong University and journal Wound Repair and Regeneration stand for the highest level of research in this field to a certain extent. In the early stage, the research focus was mainly on the prevention, treatment, and risk factors for recurrence of pathological scar from cases. In the later stage, the research focus was on the comprehensive management, in which the mechanism research was in‐depth to the molecular and gene level.

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BackgroundRhinoplasty is becoming increasingly frequent as the pursuit of aesthetics by people accelerates. In recent years, the proportion of people opting for rhinoplasty injections has gradually increased. This has led to numerous reports citing catastrophic postoperative complications such as skin necrosis, cerebral infarction, and visual impairment.AimThe aim of our report is to discuss the possible etiological factors for this post‐rhinoplasty complication and provides a rationale for HA injection history as a risk factor in rhinoplasty.MethodsWe report a rare case that received nasal HA injections in the past without any untoward incident. She opted for a second rhinoplasty 2 years after her initial nasal HA injections. This second intervention led to post‐injection loss of vision in one eye and cerebral infarction. Following clinical and radiological examination, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and superselective intra‐arterial thrombolysis were performed.ResultsThe patient did not develop disuse exotropia or ocular atrophy, but the left eye remained without light perception, which implies that intra‐arterial thrombolytic therapy may be a positive and effective method to maintain the normal appearance of the eye.ConclusionIt is advisable for patient safety to maintain a long interval of time between hyaluronidase injection and repeat rhinoplasty. Clinicians should become familiar with the anatomical peculiarities of the patient and be gentle during the rhinoplasty procedure.

The physiological phenomenon of wound contraction in mice cannot completely imitate the process of human skin regeneration, which is primarily attributed to reepithelialisation. As such, excisional wound models in mice are considered to be imperfect comparisons. This study aimed to enhance the correlation of mouse excisional wound models with that of humans, and to offer more practical and accurate ways to record and measure wound areas. We present evidence that simple excisional wounds produce a robust and stable wound model by comparing splint‐free and splint groups. We monitored reepithelialisation and contraction in the C57BL/6J mouse excision wound model at different time points and prove that excisional wounds heal by both contraction and reepithelialisation. Some parameters were measured and a formula was used to calculate the area of wound reepithelialisation and contraction. In our results, reepithelialisation accounted for 46% of the wound closure of full‐thickness excisional wounds. In conclusion, excisional wound models can be used as wound‐healing models and a straightforward formula may be used to determine the process of reepithelialisation over a wound bed created by a simple excisional rodent wound model.