Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an efficient approach for cancer treatment. However, accurately monitoring the spatial distribution of photothermal transducing agents (PTAs) and mapping the real-time temperature change in tumor and peritumoral normal tissue remain a huge challenge. Here, we propose an innovative strategy to integrate T 1 -MRI for precisely tracking PTAs with magnetic resonance temperature imaging (MRTI) for real-time monitoring temperature change in vivo during PTT. NaBiF 4 : Gd@PDA@PEG nanomaterials were synthesized with favorable T 1 -weighted performance to target tumor and localize PTAs. The extremely weak susceptibility (1.04 × 10 −6 emu g −1 Oe 1− ) of NaBiF 4 : Gd@PDA@PEG interferes with the local phase marginally, which maintains the capability of MRTI to dynamically record real-time temperature change in tumor and peritumoral normal tissue. The time resolution is 19 s per frame, and the detection precision of temperature change is approximately 0.1 K. The approach achieving PTT guided by multimode MRI holds significant potential for the clinical application.
Background: Previous studies suggested blood pressure variability (BPV) might help reveal interactions between blood pressure fluctuation and white matter lesions, and the impact of elevated BPV on white matter hyperintensity (WMH) or cerebral arterial dilation is unclear. Methods: This retrospective observational study involved 2634 stroke-free individuals (68.6±11.1 years, 50.3% female), who underwent magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography scans, from a single center in Shanghai, China. Measurements for variability of blood pressure were made based on 7 days blood pressure recordings. WMHs were quantified from T2-FLAIR images and further classified as periventricular WMH or deep WMH. M1 segment of middle cerebral artery dilation was assessed from magnetic resonance angiography images. General linear model was used to examine the associations. Results: Both increased systolic and diastolic BPV were associated with increased WMH volume (systolic: β =0.02 [95% CI, 0.004–0.03], P =0.01; diastolic: β =0.05 [95% CI, 0.03–0.08], P <0.001). Only periventricular WMH was associated with BPV (systolic: β =0.02 [95% CI, 0.005–0.04], P =0.01; diastolic: β =0.06 [95% CI, 0.04–0.09], P <0.001). MCA dilation was found in 125 individuals (4.75%). Systolic BPV was associated with MCA dilation only in the hypertensive individuals ( β =0.11 [95% CI, 0.06–0.17], P <0.001). Increased WMH volume was found associated with dilated MCA ( β =0.17 [95% CI, 0.11–0.23], P <0.001). Conclusions: Increased BPV might be one of the pathophysiological phenomena involving in the small vessel disease independent of hypertension. Increased BPV might independently contribute to intracranial arterial dilation. Management of BPV might be a target to preserve cerebrovascular wellness.
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