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Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) have become key players in increasing mortality among critically ill trauma patients. Many risk factors place the trauma patient at risk for developing ACS. Very few studies exist to establish a predictive relationship between any one risk factor and mortality among these patients. A retrospective, nonexperimental, descriptive project considering preidentified risk factors and their direct association with mortality in patients exhibiting intra-abdominal hypertension and ACS was carried out in an urban level 1 trauma center. Polytransfusion was strongly predicted among those with ACS for mortality (P < .001). Mortality was strongly associated with a reported history of diabetes (P < .05). The total amount of blood products showed a perfect correlation with death as well (r = 1.0, P < .001).

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