Studies on the effect of different organic sources (soil, FYM, cocopeat, vermicompost, neem cake, and poultry manure) and varieties (V2 Pusa KTS-1 and V1 Green Head) on different growth attributes in sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck). Experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with three replications at the Department of Horticulture, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow, 226025 (U P), India, during the Rabi season of 2019-2020. We examined different growth parameters such as Plant height, Number of leaves per plant, Stem diameter (mm), Plant spread east-west (cm), Plant spread north-south (cm), Length of leaves, and Width of leaves. We found that growth parameter are highly effected by vermicompost over the poultry manure, while minimums were reported for S (soil) or control, as well as Neemcake, FYM, and cocopeat at all stages. Hence, organic manure (vermicompost) had the highest effects on growth attributes. We found that variety V2 (Pusa KTS-1) has a significantly greater effect on vermicopost than variety V1 (Green Head).

Objective of multivalve logic design is to reduce number of gates needed and also to reduce interconnect path length. Interconnect path consist of the largest number of gates from input to output. The reason of these two objectives is that they will give extremely good properties when implemented in VLSI. Reducing number of gates will reduce the chip area, and minimizing interconnect path length will give opportunity to use highest clock frequency. In this paper quaternary to binary and binary to quaternary converter are designed. We can design the multivalve logic to binary converter which is use for conversion of ternary-valued input 0,1,2 and quaternaryvalued input 0,1,2,3 into corresponding binary-valued output 0,1. The physical design of the circuits is simulated and tested with MICROWIND layout design tool in 50nm technology. The conversion method is simple and compatible with the present CMOS process. The circuits could be embedded in digital CMOS VLSI design architectures.

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Background: In line with WHO’s END TB strategy and Sustainable Development Goal’s vision, India has set a goal to eliminate tuberculosis by 2025. To meet this goal, intensified case finding is a strategy adopted by India’s national tuberculosis program. This study aimed to determine the proportion of presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis (PPTB) patients among outpatients of a tertiary care center and its association with socio-demographic and behavioral factors.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional analytical study was done in a tertiary care center during November 2017 among outpatients aged 18 years or above. Known cases of tuberculosis (TB) were excluded. Information on socio-demographic characteristics and TB symptoms was collected using a structured questionnaire. A person with any symptom suggestive of TB, including, cough of any duration, subjective weight loss, and fever at present was considered to have PPTB. Presence of PPTB was reported as proportion with 95% confidence intervals. Association between variables and presumptive pulmonary TB was assessed using chi square test and prevalence ratio with 95% CI.Results: Among 2638 outpatients, 907 (34%) had PPTB. Cough was the most reported symptom (22.9%); followed by fever (10.0%), weight loss (13.9%) and hemoptysis (0.9%). PPTB was found to be significantly higher among males, smokers, alcohol users and patients having a history of contact with any TB patient.Conclusions: One-third of the outpatients had PPTB and this was high. A screening procedure could be incorporated within the hospital policy to identify outpatients with symptoms of TB.