Introduction: Benign breast diseases (BBDs) are the group of non-cancerous condition which include a variety of diseases. The patient commonly presents with pain, lump or nipple discharge. The aim of this study is to study the patterns of BBDs and to correlate the clinical diagnosis with radiological and pathological findings. Material and Methods: Three hundred patients were included in the study who attended the OPD of General Surgery Department at Military Hospital, Dehradun from October 2017 to October 2018. All the patients underwent detailed history recording and clinical examination. Subsequently based on assessment they underwent Ultrasound or Mammography of Breast. After that they underwent FNAC or Excision Biopsy with Histopathological (HPE) examination. In the end clinical examination was correlated with radiological and pathological findings. Result: Out of 300 patients, the most common presentation was breast Lump (264 patient), followed by breast pain (112 patients) and nipple discharge (26 patients). The most common age of presentation was 21-30 years with Right side of the breast more commonly involved than left side. The most common clinical diagnosis was Fibroadenoma (42%), followed by fibroadenosis (16%) and Breast abscess (13%). Overall clinical diagnosis of BBDs was corroborated with radiological and pathological findings in 98.6% cases. Conclusion: Benign breast diseases are common in female patients and fibroadenoma is the commonest of them all. Triple assessment provided a quick diagnosis and it alleviated unnecessary anxiety from the patients about breast cancer

Background and Objectives:The most common oral potentially malignant disorder is leukoplakia with its microscopic picture varying from simple hyperkeratosis to severe epithelial dysplasia. Numerous grading systems for oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) have been reported over the years. However, inter-and intra-observer variations in the grading of OED are also well documented. The present study aimed at reducing interobserver variability in grading OED using an algorithm. The objectives were to review H and E stained sections of normal oral mucosal samples and cases of OED, by manual and by photographic methods. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 cases (n = 50) constituted the study material. 10 cases of normal oral mucosa and 40 histopathologically confirmed cases of oral leukoplakia (both dysplastic and non-dysplastic) were retrieved from the archives of the department. Slides were reviewed by manual and by photographic methods. Five observers had participated in the study. Results: Substantial agreement was found between the observers in grading OED (both by manual and by photographic methods). Interpretation and Conclusions: An algorithm may be used as a tool to reduce the subjectivity of OED grading.

Objective: To highlight the basic points of brain endoscopic procedure for Thalamic and Intraventricular Hemorrhage to achieve repeatability and reproducibility in the results among the new brain endoscopic surgeons. Method: Sharing the experience of 10 years as an endoscopic surgeon to bring out the basic insight into the method, challenges, points which need special attention during the surgery and discussion of recent advancements in the endoscopic equipment for safe surgery. Conclusion: Procedure of endoscopic evacuation of brain hematoma is simple with learning curve. In the beginning new endoscopic surgeons should operate in the presence of experience surgeon. They should follow standard technique to achieve the good surgical outcome and uniformity in the result every time they perform the surgery.

Presenting a case of 27-year-old female presented in our OPD on 6-12-2013 with severe headache and vomiting and no history of LOC/seizure. There was H/O head trauma 2 month back. O/E pupil of normal size and normal reaction to light and neurological status with GCS-14. CT scan showed a hyperdense left frontal chronic extradural/subdural mass lesion and midline shift of 8 mm. Peroperative there was intradural lesion as nonvascular, greyish white gelatinous solid tissue without evidence of EDH. The lesion was completely excised, and the skull the bone flap was replaced. Uneventful post operative recovery with GCS-15. Histopathological report was plasmacytoma.

Purpose: Osteomyelitis of the orbital bones presenting as an orbital cellulitis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB). We report a rare case of tubercular osteomyelitis of the orbital bones presenting as a periorbital cellulitis. Case Report: A seven-year-old female child presented to our tertiary eye care center with swelling involving the right eyelids and the right cheek for two months. She had been provisionally diagnosed elsewhere as pre-septal cellulitis and had been given oral antibiotics. We clinically diagnosed her as orbital cellulitis, but her non-responsiveness to intravenous antibiotics prompted us to get a contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the orbit and paranasal sinuses, which was suggestive of tubercular etiology. However, the patient had no foci for TB elsewhere. We used a relatively new, but rapid test, called Cartridge-based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) on the pus aspirate which was positive for TB. Thereafter, the patient was started on anti-tubercular treatment to which she responded wonderfully. Conclusion: A high index of suspicion should be kept for TB infection in cases of orbital cellulitis with unusual clinical behavior in an endemic region such as India.