Existing data about the aroma of fresh-cut watermelon and the metabolic changes that occur with minimal processing are scarce. Given the close relationship that exists between aroma, texture, and quality characteristics, it is necessary to investigate the changes in the volatile profile and texture of watermelon, a fruit extensively sold in supermarket chains throughout Brazil. The objective of this work was to analyze the volatile profile using solid phase microextraction (SPME) as well as texture changes in fresh-cut watermelon stored at 5 °C for ten days. Chromatography associated with sensory analysis (sniffing) led us to conclude that 9-carbon (C9) alcohols and aldehydes are the major responsible for the flavor and aroma of minimally processed watermelon stored at 5 ± 1 °C/90 ± 5% RH for ten days, and also that the aroma diminishes in intensity with storage, but it does not affect the final quality of the product. It was noted that the amount of drained liquid, soluble pectin, and weight loss increased during storage concurrently with a reduction in firmness and a structural breakdown of the cells. Pectin methyl esterase activity remained constant and polygalacturonase activity was not detected.
The control of dyslipidemia by using herbal products is an important subject for studies. In this study, we evaluated the effects of dry Passiflora incarnata L. extract over dyslipidemia, left ventricular hypertrophy, and hepatic oxidative stress of LDL receptor knockout mice (LDLr-/-). Forty 4-month old male LDLr-/-mice were distributed into four groups: Group standard diet; Group standard diet and 200 mg/kg of body weight of Passiflora incarnata L. leaf dry extract; Group high-fat diet; Group high-fat diet and 200 mg/kg of body weight of Passiflora incarnata L. leaf dry extract. After 30 days, Passiflora incarnata L. dry extract reduced the effects of the high-fat diet, with a decrease of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and increase of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), as well as a reduction of C-reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase and insulin. There was no effect on glucose, Homa index and enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. However, the prevention of left ventricular hypertrophy occurred, as well as lipid peroxidation and the production of carbonyl proteins, which are both oxidative stress markers. In conclusion, Passiflora incarnata L. dry extract acts in the prevention of dyslipidemia, consequently, hindering the occurrence of hepatic oxidative stress and the development of left ventricular hypertrophy by the increase of serum HDL, in mice that had the effects of a high-fat diet.
No Brasil, embora haja grande disponibilidade de produtos hortícolas acessíveis à substancial parcela da população, observam-se níveis inaceitáveis de perdas destes produtos devido a técnicas inadequadas adotadas desde a colheita até o armazenamento. Assim, o processamento mínimo de frutas e hortaliças pode contribuir com a redução de desperdícios, além de possibilitar maior praticidade e economia de tempo no preparo diário de alimentos, cada vez mais necessários ao agitado mundo moderno. Segundo a Associação Internacional dos ProdutosMinimamente Processados (INTERNACIONAL..., 2007), produtos minimamente processados (fresh cut, levemente processados ou parcialmente processados) são definidos como qualquer fruta ou hortaliça, ou ainda qualquer combinação delas, que foi alterada fisicamente a partir de sua forma original, embora mantenha seu estado fresco. As frutas e as hortaliças são selecionadas, lavadas, descascadas e cortadas, resultando num produto 100% aproveitável que, posteriormente, é embalado no intuito de oferecer aos consumidores frescor, conveniência e qualidade nutricional.As hortaliças têm importante papel na alimentação humana, principalmente por serem excelentes fontes de AbstractThe goal of this study was to evaluate the quality of fresh-cut products made up of four vegetables: pumpkin, carrot, chayote, and arracacha (peruvian carrot) stored at 5 °C for 8 days. It was observed that the contents of humidity, fiber, protein, ash, and glucidic fraction of the four vegetables were not affected by the time of storage; however, the content of ethereal extract increased. During storage, the content of vitamin C and titratable acidity decreased in all the vegetables. The content of β-carotene of chayote did not change, whereas the content in the pumpkin, carrot, and the peruvian carrot increased. The pH of the four vegetables increased during storage. The contents of soluble solid of the carrot and the peruvian carrot increased, but they were not affected for the pumpkin and chayote. The "mix" appearance ratings were not lower than 7 (liked moderately) during storage showing product acceptance by the panelists. The coliforms at 35 °C present in the mix increased during storage. No coliforms at 45 °C and Salmonella sp. in were observed in the period of time studied. It can be said that, according to microbiological, sensorial, and nutritional aspects, the shelf-life of minimally processed pumpkin, carrot, chayote, and peruvian carrot is 8 days under refrigeration. Keywords: pumpkin; carrot; chayote; peruvian carrot; minimal processing; shelf life. ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de produto minimamente processado, à base de quatro hortaliças -abóbora, cenoura, chuchu e mandioquinha-salsa, armazenado a 5 °C por 8 dias. Observou-se que os teores de umidade, fibra, proteína, cinza e fração glicídica das quatro hortaliças não foram afetados pelo tempo de armazenamento, entretanto o teor de extrato etéreo aumentou. Durante o armazenamento, o teor de vitamina C e de acidez titulável dimi...
A produção de farinhas é uma forma de aproveitar partes de frutas e hortaliças que são descartadas e uma alternativa na elaboração de produtos alimentícios livres de glúten, juntamente com a farinha de arroz. Objetivou-se avaliar as características físicas e químicas da farinha de arroz (FA), farinha de casca de abacaxi (FCA), farinha de casca de banana (FCB) e farinha de semente de abóbora (FSA). A FA foi adquirida no comércio. As cascas de banana e abacaxi foram secas em desidratadora de bandejas e as sementes de abóbora torradas em fogão industrial, em seguida moídas e analisadas. A FCB apresentou menor valor L*, ou seja, mais escura, além de menor ângulo hue e maior valor a*, resultado contrário foi observado na FA. A FCB apresentou maior teor de umidade (9,91%), seguida da FA (7,95%), FCA (5,67%) e FSA (4,11%). A FSA apresentou alto teor de lipídeos (35,41%). As FCA e FCB tiveram os maiores teores de fibras solúveis (5,25% e 6,20%, respectivamente) e a FCA o maior teor de fibra insolúvel (45,06%). Não foi detectada atividade de inibição de tripsina nas farinhas. As FCA e FCB tiveram os maiores teores de fenólicos totais, logo maior atividade antioxidante. A FSA apresentou entre o conjunto de seus fenólicos, compostos com maior poder antioxidante, devido ao maior índice PAOXI. Conclui-se que as FCA, FCB e FSA apresentaram alto teor de fibras, fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante, sendo uma opção para o enriquecimento de alimentos.
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