No abstract

In hip fractures reductions the commonly used blocks are the femoral nerve block and fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) analgesia and anesthesia. Since the articular branches that innervate the hip joint arise at a higher level along the course of the nerves.[1] Hence these blocks may not provide sufficient analgesia for the hip fractures patients both pre-operatively and post-operatively. Introduction: To overcome this newer techniques are employed these days such as PENG block that are guided by ultra-sound. The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block is a technique that involves deposition of local anesthetic in the musculofascial plane between the psoas muscle and the superior pubic ramus [2] This block has been recently described as an effective option for hip analgesia, as it targets the articular branches that supply the hip.[3] It could be very useful for analgesia during the perioperative period. Hence this case report throws light on an intervention using PENG block before surgical correction of hip fractures.

Background: Initially the concept of pain was emotional rather than a sensory modality. The word pain is acquired from the Greek word poine which means “penalty”.1 The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) described pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage”.2 Peripheral nerve blocks have become a popular anaesthetic option in the perioperative management of patients because nerve blocks provide better postoperative analgesia than does general anaesthesia, while avoiding the cardiopulmonary and central nervous system effects of general anaesthesia. Peripheral nerve block is a technique which uses local anaesthetic to be deposited around a target nerve and block the conduction of action potential thus not allowing pain signals to be transmitted to the pain centre in the brain. Materials & methods: A prospective randomised single blinded study was conducted at Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Medical College & Hospitals, Salem from December 2019 to May 2021.

Background: General anaesthesia is an altered physiological state characterized by reversible loss of consciousness, amnesia ,analgesia and some degree of muscle relaxation.no single agents can produce these desired effects.It involves inhalational anaesthetics,induction agents, opioids, neuromuscular blockers. Combination of all these drugs will produce the optimal anaesthesia which is known as balanced anaesthesia. Airway management is an integral part of general anaesthesia, which includes direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Objective: To compare the efficacy of two different doses of esmolol to attenuate the hemodynamic response during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Methodology: The present comparative cross sectional study was conducted by the Department of Anaesthesia at Vinayaka Missions KirupanandaVariyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem from December 2019 – May 2021. The comparative study was done between two study groups with Group A receiving 50 mg of IV Esmolol and Group B Receiving 100 mg of IV Esmolol, A total of 60 study patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the Study and divided into 30 subjects in each group. Results: The mean age of the patients in Group A was 37.3 (12.0) years with a minimum of 18 years and a maximum of 60 years.