Although Maranhão State has the second longest coastline of Brazil, phytosociological studies are necessary to expand the knowledge of the restinga vegetation therein. Thus, the present study characterizes structural parameters of the woody component of a restinga in Alcântara city, west coast of Maranhão State. The phytosociological sampling included thirteen 100 m parallel transects, totaling 50 points. The inclusion criterion established for the species was perimeter at ground level ≥ 10 cm. We sampled 34 species, 26 genera, and 17 families, totaling 200 individuals. The species with the highest importance value (IV) were Guettarda angelica Mart. ex Müll.Arg., Anacardium occidentale L., Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC., Cenostigma bracteosum (Tul.) E. Gagnon & G.P. Lewis, Fridericia sp., Eugenia stictopetala Mart. ex DC., and Mouriri guianensis Aubl. The average height of the specimens was 4.44 m, and the average diameter was 12.6 cm. The Shannon diversity index found in the restinga was 2.92 nat. ind-1, and Pielou’s evenness was 0.83. It is worth mentioning the presence of Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong and Manilkara bidentata (A.DC.) A.Chev, which are common species of the Cerrado and the Amazonian forest, respectively. Our findings contribute to the knowledge of diversity, generating data for the development of conservation studies, besides reinforcing the influence of the flora of neighboring ecosystems in the colonization of the restingas of Maranhão State.

The objective of this study is to list the flora used in ornamentation, afforestation and landscaping in the common areas of the Dom Delgado Campus (São Luís) at the Universidade Federal do Maranhão (2º32'20.7"S 44º16'58.4"W), where this study was carried out. The collection took place through exploratory walks, including individual specimens planted there and those that were kept during the architectonical development of the University. Identification was obtained using analytical keys, specialized literature and the comparison with material previously identified in the Herbarium of Maranhão (MAR) where the exsiccates produced in the present study were deposited. 70 species, 56 genres and 29 families were found. Fabaceae (with 10 species), Apocynaceae (with nine spp.); Malvaceae and Rubiaceae (six spp.); Arecaceae (four spp.); Araceae, Bignoniaceae and Heliconiaceae with three species each were the most representative families in terms of the number of species. Among the total number of species identified, it was noted that there was no great difference in the quantity of native Brazilian species (38%), when compared to exotic species (34%); the remaining species were classified as cultivated (17%) and naturalized (11%). In conclusion, it is clear that the afforestation/ landscaping of the Dom Delgado Campus, follows a method of randomization in relation to the planting of the species used. Key words: Landscaping, native plants, campus, urban afforestation. RESUMO Levantamento florístico das plantas ornamentais utilizadas na Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado da UniversidadeFederal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil O presente estudo tem como objetivo listar a flora utilizada na ornamentação, arborização e paisagismo das áreas comuns da Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado (campus São Luís) (2º32'20.7"S 44º16'58.4"W) da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. As coletas ocorreram por meio de caminhadas exploratórias, sendo coletados os indivíduos plantados e aqueles que no decorrer do desenvolvimento arquitetônico da Universidade foram mantidos. As identificações foram realizadas com auxílio de chaves analíticas, literatura especializada e por meio de comparação com material já identificado no Herbário do Maranhão (MAR) onde as exsicatas produzidas no presente estudo foram depositadas. Foram encontradas 70 espécies, 56 gêneros e 29 famílias. Fabaceae (com 10 espécies), Apocynaceae (com nove spp.); Malvaceae e Rubiaceae (seis spp.); Arecaceae (quatro spp.); Araceae, Bignoniaceae e Heliconiaceae com três espécies cada foram as famílias mais representativas em número de espécies. Do total de espécies identificadas, percebe-se que não há uma grande diferença na quantidade de nativas do Brasil (38%), quando comparadas às exóticas (34%); as demais foram classificadas como cultivadas (17%) e naturalizadas (11%). Por fim, fica evidenciado que a arborização/paisagismo da Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, segue uma linha de aleatorização quanto ao plantio das espécies usadas. Palavras-chave: Paisagismo, plantas nativas,...

O presente estudo teve como objetivo listar a flora fanerogâmica de uma área de vegetação de restinga descrever suas fisionomias e analisar a similaridade com listas florísticas de outros estudos realizados nas restingas maranhenses. As coletas botânicas foram realizadas na restinga da praia de Itatinga (02°24’46.6”S, 44°24’01.7”W), município de Alcântara, Maranhão. As identificações das espécies e classificação das formas de vida seguiram a metodologia usual em estudos florísticos e as exsicatas foram incorporadas no Herbário MAR. A similaridade florística foi realizada através da análise de cluster, a partir do índice de Jaccard. Foram inventariadas 148 espécies, 122 gêneros e 54 famílias. As famílias mais ricas em espécies foram Fabaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, Poaceae, Myrtaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Convolvulaceae e Lamiaceae. Foram encontradas 10 formas de vida, com destaque para os caméfitos (24,3%), nanofanerófitos e terófitos (22,2%) cada uma, e descritas três fisionomias: Campo aberto não inundável, Fruticeto aberto não inundável e Fruticeto fechado não inundável. A similaridade demonstrou maior afinidade da flora do presente estudo com a flora da restinga de Panaquatira devido à semelhança entre as feições fisionômicas. Todavia, são necessários mais estudos para compreender a semelhança entre as floras das restingas do Maranhão, juntamente com parâmetros ecológicos, para ampliar o conhecimento da flora e assim subsidiar projetos de conservação da vegetação do litoral maranhense. Floristic list and life forms of the vegetation of a restinga in Alcântara, western coast of Maranhão state, Northeast Brazil A B S T R A C TThe present study aimed to list the phanerogamic flora of a restinga vegetation area and describe its physiognomies and analyze the similarity with floristic lists of other studies carried out in restingas maranhenses. The botanical collections were performed in the restinga vegetation of Itatinga beach (02°24’46.6”S, 44°24’01.7”W), municipality of Alcântara, Maranhão State. Identification of species and classification of life forms followed the usual methodology in floristic studies and the exsiccates were incorporated into the Herbarium MAR. Floristic similarity was performed by cluster analysis using Jaccard index. A total of 148 species, 122 genera and 54 families were inventoried. The species richest families were Fabaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, Poaceae, Myrtaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Convolvulaceae and Lamiaceae. Ten life forms were found, with emphasis on camephites (24.3%), nanophanerophytes and terophytes (22.2%) each. Three physiognomies are described: non-flooded open fields, non-flooded open scrub and non-flooded closed scrub. The similarity showed greater affinity of the flora of the present study with the flora of the Panaquatira restinga due to the similarity between the physiognomic features. However, further studies are needed to understand the similarity between the restingas floras of Maranhão State, with ecological parameters, to expand the knowledge of the flora and thus subsidize vegetation conservation projects of the Maranhão coast.Keywords: conservation, physiognomies, northeastern coast, similarity.

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-The Amasonia genus (Lamiaceae, Ajugoideae) has around eight species and exclusively neotropical distribution. The present study aimed to discuss the recent occurrence of three species of Amasonia on the coast vegetation of Maranhão state, expanding the geographical distribution, and present diagnostic characters, comments and photographs. The records were based on collections carried out in the restingas of Itatinga beach and Sítio Aguahy, municipalities of Alcântara and São José de Ribamar, respectively. The species of A. arborea, A. calycina and A. campestris were recorded for the first time in Maranhão coast. This information reinforces the importance of floristic studies and the necessity of conservation of highly endangered restinga vegetation in Maranhão.