Sheep breeding has been important in agribusiness, transforming the Brazilian productive scenario. However, it is still deficient due to the damages caused by infectious diseases. Leptospirosis is a severe disease with global distribution, caused by bacteria from the Leptospira genre affecting both humans and animals. The general infection is unapparent, or its clinical signs, when present, are similar to other infections. Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria from the Brucella genre responsible for reproductive disorders in animals, especially ruminants. The purpose of this paper was to seroepidemiological study of Leptospira spp. and Brucella ovis in sheep and dogs from nonmechanized rural properties from the northwestern region in the state of Paraná, Brazil. In order to detect anti-Leptospira antibodies, microscopic agglutination (MAT) was performed. For anti-Brucella antibodies, the agar gel immunodiffusion assay (AGID) was performed. From the total 542 samples from sheep sera analyzed, 11.25% were considered reagent to Leptospira spp. and 18.26% to Brucella ovis. From the 36 dog samples, 25% were reagent to MAT and AGID. From the 32 properties analyzed, 75% were considered positive for leptospirosis and 56.25% for brucellosis. Antibodies against the most probable serovars were Hardjo (34.42%) and Butembo (44.44%) in sheep and dogs, respectively, and the variable exchange of animals among properties was associated to leptospiric infection (p=0.028) in sheep. Leptospirosis and brucellosis are present in the sheep herd and dogs in the rural properties studied, and such result is a warning of the zoonotic importance and the need to establish sanitary programs directed to these animal species. ResumoA ovinocultura tem se destacado no agronegócio, transformando o cenário produtivo do Brasil, porém ainda possui uma deficiência devido aos danos causados por doenças infecciosas. A leptospirose é uma doença grave de distribuição mundial causada por bactérias do gênero Leptospira que afeta o homem e os animais. A infecção geralmente é inapetente, ou os sinais clínicos, quando presentes, são similares aos de outras infecções. A brucelose é uma enfermidade infecciosa causada por bactérias do gênero Brucella responsáveis por desordens reprodutivas nos animais, especialmente nos ruminantes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo soroepidemiológico de Leptospira spp. e Brucella ovis ovinos e cães de propriedades rurais não tecnificadas da região noroeste do estado do Paraná, Brasil. Para detecção de anticorpos anti-Leptospira foi realizada a soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM), e para anticorpos anti-Brucella, a prova de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA). Das 542 amostras de soro ovino analisadas, foram consideradas reagentes 11,25% para Leptospira spp. e 18,26% para Brucella ovis. Das 36 amostras de cães, 25% foram regentes a SAM e IDGA. Das 32 propriedades, 75% foram consideradas positivas para leptospirose e 56,25% para brucelose. Os anticorpos contra os sorovares mais prováveis for...
Leptospirosis is an important socioeconomic disease in humans, as well as in domestic and wild animals, being caused by Leptospira spp. Bovine animals are considered reservoirs of this disease, because they intermittently disseminate the bacteria into the environment through their urine. In this way, the cattle an important source of Leptospira infection. The objective of this study was to detect Leptospira spp. antibodies and DNA in bovine females from two refrigerated slaughterhouses in the microregion of Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil. In particular, blood and urine samples from 52 crossbred bovine females older than 36 months from the two slaughterhouses were used. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was used to detect leptospiral antibodies, and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequent sequencing were used to detect Leptospira DNA. The MAT yielded 22 (42.3%) serum samples considered reagent, while the nested PCR test resulted in one amplified sample (1.9%) of 289 bp. This single sample was then amplified again using primers for the SecY gene (549 bp). Sequencing of this gene characterized the bacteria as L. borgpetersenii that were similar to the serovar Hardjo of the genotype Hardjobovis. This is the first molecular confirmation of Hardjobovis-like L. borgpetersenii in the urine of crossbred bovine females older than 36 months from slaughterhouses in the microregion of Umuarama. This study's results show that it is important to combine serological and molecular diagnosis in the detection of Leptospira spp. Therefore, both methods were used to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of this disease in bovine animals from the microregion of Umuarama. In addition, the analysis informed the subsequent adoption of preventive measures and educational One Health actions to prevent economic losses related to the herd, as well as social losses related to workers and the environment. ResumoA leptospirose é uma importante doença sócio-econômica acarretada pela Leptospira spp. que afeta homens e animais domésticos ou selvagens. Os bovinos são considerados reservatórios desta enfermidade, sendo importante fonte de infecção por eliminar a bactéria pela urina de forma intermitente no meio ambiente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar anticorpos e DNA de Leptospira spp. em fêmeas bovinas provenientes de dois matadouro-frigoríficos da microrregião de Umuarama, Paraná, Brasil. Neste trabalho foram utilizadas amostras de sangue e urina de 52 fêmeas bovinas mestiças com idade superior a 36 meses provenientes de dois matadouros-frigoríficos. Para detecção de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. foi realizada a prova de Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM), e para a detecção de DNA foi realizada a reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) e posterior sequenciamento. Na SAM, 22 (42,30%) amostras de soro foram consideradas reagentes e na nested PCR uma (1,92%) amostra amplificou 289 pb, e posteriormente, a mesma amostra amplificada novamente para o gene sec Y com 549 pb. O sequenciamento do gene Sec Y caracterizo...
RESUMO -Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a características físico-químicas do leite da região sudoeste do Paraná. Para tanto, 293 propriedades foram classificadas segundo o número de animais. Posteriormente foi efetuado o sorteio simples de cada classe, perfazendo uma média de nove animais e diferentes características quanto à raça, tipo de ordenha e estagio de lactação. Foi realizado o CMT e colheitas de amostras (de julho a outubro de 2010) para CCS em frascos contendo conservante bromopol e enviados ao Laboratório do Programa de Análise de Rebanhos Leiteiros da Associação Paranaense de Criadores de Bovinos da Raça Holandesa (APCBRH) em equipamento de citometria de fluxo. As frequências de todos os constituintes foram submetidas ao teste de Tukey. Os resultados demonstraram que animais com CMT positivo me pelo menos um dos quartos mamários médias e desvio padrão de gordura (%), proteína (%), lactose (%), sólidos totais (%) e CCS (CCS x 1000/mL) de 2,41 ± 1,22, 3,302 ± 0,46, 4,44 ± 0,45, 10,99 ± 1,32 e 443,80 ± 688,90, respectivamente. Destacando que as frequências de gordura e sólidos totais estão fora dos parâmetros estabelecidos pela IN 62. Pode-se verificar que as vacas em lactação região sudoeste do estado do Paraná apresentam índices de taxas de gordura e sólidos totais abaixo do estabelecido pela IN 62, necessitando de medidas sanitárias para reduzir o índice de mastite o que pode estar interferindo diretamente na qualidade do leite produzido.Palavras-Chave: gordura; lactose; mastite; proteína; sólidos totais.ABSTRACT -This study aims to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of milk from southwestern Paraná region. To this end, 293 properties were classified according to the number of animals, was later made simple drawing of each class, making an average of nine animals and different characteristics regarding race, milking type and stage of lactation. CMT and sampling (July-October 2010) to CCS in vials containing preservative Bromopol and sent to the Laboratory of Analysis Program dairy herd of Paraná Association of Cattle Breeders of Holstein (APCBRH) was performed on equipment flow cytometry. The frequencies of all constituents were subjected to Tukey's test. The results demonstrated that animals with CMT plus me at least one of mammary glands and average standard deviation of fat (%) Protein (%) Lactose (%) total solids (%) and CCS (CCS x 1000 / ml) 2.41 ± 1.22, 3.302 ± 0.46, 4.44 ± 0.45, 10.99 ± 1.32 and 443.80 ± 688.90, respectively. Noting that the frequencies of fat and solids are outside the parameters of IN 62 (referrals). One can check that lactating cows southwest region of the state of Paraná present rate indices of fat and total solids below established by IN 62, requiring health measures to reduce the incidence of mastitis which may be interfering directly in the quality of milk produced.
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