Efficient synthesis of antibacterial and antifungal titanium dioxide nano powders offers new advanced properties and opportunities for industrial applications. In the present study, TiO2 nano particles were synthesized by solgel method using aqueous and alcoholic solutions of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP). The effects of solvent type, support material (calcite, talk, zinc borate, silica) and drying temperature on antibacterial/antifungal and structural properties namely the average particle size and surface area of titania particles were investigated.

is present study was carried out to check the feasibility of different cellulose fibers obtained from cropped virgin cellulose, blenched eucalyptus, and araucaria pulps through different new environmentally friendly curing processes for fiber-cement production. e aim is to introduce the different sources of cellulose fibers with lower cost to produce the "fiber-cement without autoclave" (FCWA). e slurries used in the experiments contain approximately 8% wt. of cellulose. e influence of the waste marble powder addition to the cement mixture was also studied. e physical and mechanical properties of the products which were prepared with this method under different curing conditions were investigated. e mechanical properties of eucalyptus cellulose appear to offer the best combination, especially after longer air-cure cycles. e results showed that the production of FCWA is very economical by using waste marble powders. And moreover, two new types of cellulose fibers (eucalyptus and araucaria celluloses; EuC and ArC, resp.), which provide a better density and packing in the fiber-cement leading to better modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) values as virgin cellulose (ViC), are very usable for production of the fiber-cement in industrial scale.

The eucalyptus and araucaria fibers were used as alternatives to virgin cellulose common in fiber-cement production. Three different types of these virgin-cellulose replacements were utilized as main raw materials while silica sand was the aggregate. Chemical and physical analyses were performed on the raw materials. In the experiments, the effect of various fiber types on the mechanical strength, water absorption and the density of fiber-cement mixture was studied for 8 wt % additions of these three fiber types. The excess water in homogeneous mixtures of the raw materials was first removed and then samples were pressed and baked in the autoclave. Physical and mechanical tests on these samples indicated that the fiber-cements produced with eucalyptus and araucaria cellulose were mechanically superior than those produced with virgin cellulose.