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The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach is a widely-used method for the surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas. We aimed to evaluate the results of endoscopic surgery by comparing preoperative classification methods and investigating their relationship with postoperative resection and remission rates and complications. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 236 patients (118 males) who underwent surgery for pituitary adenomas. Preoperative Knosp classification, tumor size (TS), suprasellar extension (SSE), postoperative resection and remission rates, and complications were evaluated. Results : The follow-up period was 3 months to 6 years. The patients' ages ranged between 16 and 84 years. Endocrinologically, 114 patients (48.3%) had functional adenoma (FA), and 122 patients (51.7%) had non-functional adenoma (NFA). Among the FA group, 92 (80.7%) showed remission. A statistically significant difference was found between patients with and without remission in terms of the Knosp, TS, and SSE classifications (p<0.01). Knosp, TS, and SSE classification grades were found to be correlated with the resection rates (p<0.01). Meningitis was seen in seven patients (3.0%), diabetes insipidus in 16 (6.9%; permanently in two [0.9%]), and rhinorrhea in 19 (8.1%). Thirty-six patients (15.3%) developed pituitary insufficiency and received hormone replacement therapy. Conclusion :The resection categories and remission rates of FAs were directly proportional to the adenoma sizes and Knosp grades, while the degree of suprasellar growth further complicated resection and remission rates. Adenoma sizes less than 2 cm and SSEs less than 1 cm are associated with favorable remission and resection rates.

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Introduction:In this study, it was aimed to determine OX40 gene expression level on pathology sections obtained from PA tissues, and the level of circulating OX40L in peripheral blood samples of patients. Furthermore, it was aimed to evaluate the findings depending on the type, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features of the tumor. Methods: The study was conducted with two groups (Study/Control). The study group (Group 1) consisted of patients (n=49) operated with the diagnosis of PA. The control group (Group 2) is the brain tissue samples obtained from patients (n=10) who underwent temporal lobectomy for the and treatment of epilepsy due to mesial temporal sclerosis. Results: We found out that the tissue OX-40 gene expression levels of patients with PA did not differ from the gene expression levels of the control group. There was no statistically significant difference was found as a result of the comparison of pituitary ox40-tissue parameter measurement value with patient finding characteristics. Discussion and Conclusion: PAs have altered cell behavior and epigenetic modifications that lead to various prognostic patterns and responses to treatment. As the disease progresses, up-and down-regulation of immune factors promotes the interaction between the immune system and tumor cells. Thus, it serves as a potential target for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Gangliogliomas are rare mixed neuronal-glial tumors of the central nervous system. They constitute less than 2% of intracranial neoplasms. Gangliogliomas are slow-growing, well-differentiated, and partly calcified tumors. Sellar-suprasellar gangliogliomas are very rare [1]. Although many studies have included only cerebral hemisphere gangliogliomas, the tumor could not be classified according to its location because of the small number of patients in most studies [2]. Herein, a rare case of a pediatric ganglioglioma in the sellar and parasellar region is presented with a histopathological diagnosis of ganglioglioma from a centre with an annual series of 150 endoscopic skull base surgeries and 900 endoscopic skull base surgeries.