Brief reports 375 References 3 . Davis 1. Shapiro L. Barall. Vulvitis circumscriota ~l a s m a cellularis. . . . . /. Am. Acad. ofDermatol. 1983: 8: 413-416. 4. Lauchlan SC. Metaplasias and neoplasias of Mullerian epithelium. Histopathology 1984: 8: 543-557. 5, Fox H, Wells M, Harris M, McWilliam LJ, Anderson G S . Enteric tumours of the lower female genital tract. Histopathology 1988: 12: 167-1 76. 1. Culling CFA. Reid PE. Burton ID, Dunn wL. A histochemical method of differentiating lower gastrointestinal mucin from other mucins in primary or metastatic tumours. 1. Clin. Pathol. 1975: 28: 656-658. 2. Mensing H. Janner M. Vulvitis plasma cellularis Zoon. 2. Hautkr.

Brief reports 375 References 3 . Davis 1. Shapiro L. Barall. Vulvitis circumscriota ~l a s m a cellularis. . . . . /. Am. Acad. ofDermatol. 1983: 8: 413-416. 4. Lauchlan SC. Metaplasias and neoplasias of Mullerian epithelium. Histopathology 1984: 8: 543-557. 5, Fox H, Wells M, Harris M, McWilliam LJ, Anderson G S . Enteric tumours of the lower female genital tract. Histopathology 1988: 12: 167-1 76. 1. Culling CFA. Reid PE. Burton ID, Dunn wL. A histochemical method of differentiating lower gastrointestinal mucin from other mucins in primary or metastatic tumours. 1. Clin. Pathol. 1975: 28: 656-658. 2. Mensing H. Janner M. Vulvitis plasma cellularis Zoon. 2. Hautkr.

Lymphangiomas or cystic hygromas are relatively uncommon congenital malformations of the lymphatic system which usually present in the first years of childhood. Presentation in adult life is rare. We present a case of cervical adult cystic hygroma and discuss radiological and histopathological features as well as the management of these neck masses.

The first uretero-arterial fistula (UAF) was reported in 1908 by Moschcowitz. In 2009, a systematic review identified 139 cases. Since then a further 23 cases were described with 19 cases originating from a single center. It has been recognized as a very rare condition in the past. However, more recently, the increasing incidence of UAF has led us to believe that this condition is more frequent than previously described. Aging population, improved cancer survival and extensive multimodal pelvic cancer treatments have been recognized as culprits for the increased incidence of UAFs. We have reviewed literature on UAFs, identified risk factors, patho-physiology and treatment options. Also, we present a case of fistulous communication between the internal iliac artery and ureter in a patient with a potential risk factor previously not described in the literature.

a b s t r a c tHere we present an interesting and extremely rare case of a 66 year old male who developed a colocutaneous fistula secondary to amoebiasis. The patient presented with an acute history of right lower abdominal pain, weight loss and a palpable mass. A CT scan demonstrated a fluid filled cavity in the right iliac fossa consistent with an appendiceal abscess which was drained under radiological guidance. However, following drainage his symptoms remained requiring open surgical drainage, and a controlled caecostomy was performed due to a small caecal perforation. Despite appropriate conservative therapy he failed to progress, and developed localised sepsis in the right iliac fossa with a colocutaneous fistula, requiring a formal right hemicolectomy. The histological examination confirmed the presence of abundant trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica.We highlight the fact that in the modern age of immigration and long distance travel, it will become increasingly likely that the so-called 'tropical' diseases will present throughout the world. This case also highlights the need to keep an open mind in cases that do not progress as expected, and to react accordingly to any unusual developments.