Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of serum leptin level on irisin level in relation to glucose homeostasis that to be associated with hormonal changes (Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Prolactin (PRL), Testosterone (TES)) in obese and nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods:Fifty women with polycystic ovaries syndrome (PCOS) and thirty-four apparently healthy control women with regular menstruation (28±2days) were included in this study both of PCOS patients and controls were divided into sub-groups according to their body mass index (BMI) into: twenty-five obese (BMI ≥30) with (BMI= 35.934±0.746) and another twenty-five non-obese polycystic ovaries syndrome women (BMI=25.074±0.456). Whereas, controls were divided as seventeen obese (BMI= 37.140±1.470) and seventeen non-obese (BMI= 25.022±0.683) healthy control women with regular menstruation with an age range (20-40 y) and BMI matching that of the patient groups. Venous blood samples were collected to measure serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), LH/FSH, prolactin (PRL), total testosterone (TES), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). As well as, fasting glucose, irisin, leptin, and insulin. Besides, estimating Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index, β-cell function was determined using the Homeostasis Model Assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β).Results: Serum irisin levels were not significantly different from their corresponding controls, in both obese and non-obese PCOS patients. Whereas, serum irisin levels were elevated significantly in both obese (patients and control) as compared to non-obese (patients and controls), respectively. But, serum leptin levels were significantly elevated in obese PCOS patients as compared to their corresponding control group, nonobese control, and non-obese PCOS patients. However, serum leptin levels were not significantly different in non-obese women groups, both the PCOS and controls. The irisin/insulin ratio expressed no significant variations from its corresponding control in non-obese groups. But the obese PCOS patient's values were highly significantly different as compared to their control (p<0.01). Furthermore, irisin/insulin ratio was elevated significantly in obese control as compared to non-obese patients (p = 0.001), but not with non-obese controls (p=0.114). The leptin/insulin ratio was not significantly varied in PCOS groups from their corresponding control in non-obese (p = 0.094) but in obese PCOS patients, there was significantly different as compared to its control (p = 0.01). Furthermore, leptin to insulin ratio was not significantly different between patients groups (non-obese and obese, p=0.133), nor between the studied controls (p=0.705). Conclusion:Although serum irisin levels show no significant variation in subjects in relation to PCOS condition, it seems more to be related to BMI, since it's secreted by adipocytes. And because leptin and irisin levels would be elevated in obese subjects th...

The current study was designed to investigate the impact of the missense Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), Asn291Ser (c.872A>G: rs12470652), of LHR gene (Luteinizing hormone receptor gene) in peripheral blood samples of Iraqi infertile women diagnosed with premature ovarian failure (POF) and normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(niHH, patients with normal sense of smell). Following the hormonal analysis, fifty women diagnosed with premature ovarian failure and fifty women diagnosed with normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were included as patient groups, while fifty healthy fertile women were enrolled as a control group. The blood samples were obtained from patient and control groups at Kamal Al-Samarrai Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq through March to December 2018. The genotyping of the SNP (rs12470652) was carried out by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) of the purified genomic DNA obtained from All-cell-pellet (ACP) of blood samples. The frequency of the LHR (rs12470652), p.Asn291Ser minor allele G, was found to be 32% healthy fertile women, 30 % of those with POF (p = 0.879), and 28% in the niHH patients (p = 0.644) Therefore, no statistically significant differences were found. This research aims to study the relationship between polymorphism in the region of LHR gene position: 872 A > G, (Asn291Ser), (rs12470652), and both premature ovarian failure and normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Therefore, the potential influence of (rs12470652) p.Asn291Ser polymorphism on both types of female infertility of an Iraqi population was evaluated. In conclusion, no impact was observed since the conducted study on a sample population of Iraqi women showed that the prevalence of LHR (rs12470652) polymorphisms did not significantly differ in the two infertile patients groups (POF and niHH) as compared to the healthy fertile control group.

Purpose: Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in women serum and follicular fluid (FF) which surrounding oocytes may be related to the implantation failure .Therefore, we herein examined the relationship between total antioxidant capacity status in serum and FFand it is association with implantation failure Method: One hundred and seventeen of non-reproductive women who underwent intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)included in this study and conducted between March 2018 and April 2019 in Kamal AL-Samarai Hospital, center of fertility and IVF. Serum and follicular fluid were collected from non-reproductive women aged ranged 20-45 years and BMI (ranged 21.9-36.3kg/m 2 ), TAC were measured using sandwich ELISA in serum and follicular fluid specimen of 21 women of successful implantation compared to 96 experienced implantation failures.Results: TAC was increased in serum of implantation failure compared to successful but not significant differences between two study groups. Whereas TAC levels were highly significant (P=0.002) inFF of women who had successful implantation (1.08 ± 0.64mmol/L) whereas in failure were lower(0.55 ± 0.42 mmol/L). In addition to that, when evaluating the frequency of TAC category in FF revealed highly significant differences (P=0.003) between two groups, the majority of failure groups(84.4%) had low TAC compared with (40%) in successful groups, while a significant increase of sufficient TAC in successful than failure groups (50% versus 6.1% respectively), whereas the borderline TAC were (9.1% versus 10%) in failure and successful groups.Conclusions: TAC in FF may be potential markers for implantation successful in ICSI cycle.

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Background: Infertility is a disease characterized by the failure to establish a clinical pregnancy after 12 months of regular and unprotected sexual intercours. It affects nearly 10% of the world's population Aim of study: To evaluate correlation between total gonadotrophin dose, duration of controlled ovarian stimulation and maternal age with oocyte maturity, embryo grades, and clinical pregnancy in IVF cycle.Methods: A prospective study in Kamal Al-Samarai Hospital for infertility and IVF in Baghdad / Iraq for a period of one year from 1 st of Jun. 2019 till 1 st of Jun. 2020. It included 122 infertile females had IVF-ICSI cycles.Results: The antagonist protocol in 52.5% of patients; long agonist protocol in 47.5%. A patient of IVF was seen in 68% of study patients. The highest prevalence of pregnancy failure was significantly seen in patients aged ≥ 40 years (83.3%, P= 0.03), obese patients (80.5%, P= 0.032), in patients had primary infertility (72.6%, P= 0.041), and in patients with infertility for > 12 years' duration (90%, P= 0.036). Means of duration of stimulation, total number of oocyte pick, MII, embryo grade I were significantly higher in patients who got pregnant. Conclusion:individualization & adjustment of the dose gonadotropin according to female response, drug costs and efficacy, financial status in order not to increase or decrease duration of stimulation to be within 10 -12 days to achieve sufficient number of M II oocytes, good quality embryos selected for matching endometrium receptivity in fresh embryo transfer, the remaining embryos can be cryopreserved.