This research presents a methodological process for selecting the most appropriate construction technique for the reconstruction of housing after a seismic disaster in a rural and heritage context. This process, which is applicable to a large part of the Andean region, incorporates sustainability criteria to guarantee the economic, social and environmental balance of the intervention. The methodology was developed on a case study: the Colca Valley in Arequipa, Peru. In 2016 an earthquake affected this zone, where traditional unreinforced earthen buildings suffered serious damage. The objective of this research focuses on comparing six traditional building techniques strongly related to self-building: four techniques for adobe housing—reinforced with cane (CRA), wire mesh (WMRA), geogrid (GRA) and halyard ropes (HRRA)—and two techniques for masonry buildings— confined (CM) and reinforced (RM). For this purpose the authors used the Integrated Value Model for Sustainable Assessment (MIVES), a Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) model used to compare alternatives by assigning a “sustainability index” to each evaluated construction technique. This research study includes two types of variables: quantitative, such as economy ($/m2) and environmental impact (kgCO2/m2), among others, and qualitative, such as perception of safety, respect for the urban image and popular knowledge. The research results show that reinforced adobe techniques are a viable and competitive option, highlighting the cane reinforced adobe technique (CRA), with a value of 0.714 in relation to industrialized materials such as masonry. This technique has the same safety characteristics, but at almost half the price, with the additional advantage of using traditional materials and construction methods, having less environmental impact and showing better thermal performance in cold climates.

The present research work is carried out using the experimental study to evaluate the concrete made with Aggregates of the Quarry with Addition of Nanosilica containing micro-fine nanoparticles of amorphous silica dioxide (Si O 2 ). Nanosilica has pozzolanic properties that, upon contact with water, reacts with hydrated cement to form more particles of C-S-H (gel), which reduces porosity by partially filling the pores to refine the structure and therefore gives us greater compressive strength. The recommendation of this study is to implement low-cost, low-rise housing construction. The microstructure properties of the cement paste are improved with the addition of Nanosilica. Nanoparticles have high specific surface areas, and their surfaces are very active; an intense pozzolanic reaction between Nanosilica and CH, would accelerate the pozzolanic reactions between SIO 2 and water molecules. Therefore, the smaller the pore volume, the higher the compressive strength and water absorption capacity of Nanosilica-modified pastes results. The volume of the pores was reduced along with the increase of the Nanosilica dose. The cement and sand mixture without Nanosilica after 7 days of curing, shows a porous structure.