The genus Dendropsophus is one of the most speciose among Neotropical anurans and its number of described species is increasing. Herein, molecular, morphological, and bioacoustic evidence are combined to assess species limits within D. parviceps, a widely distributed species in the Amazon Basin. Phylogenetic relationships were assessed using 3040 bp sequences of mitochondrial DNA, genes 12S, ND1, and CO1. The phylogeny shows three well-supported clades. Bioacoustic and morphological divergence is congruent with those clades demonstrating that Dendropsophus parviceps is a species complex. Dendropsophus parviceps sensu stricto occurs in the Amazon basin of Ecuador, northern Peru, southern Colombia and northwestern Brazil. It is sister to two previously undescribed species, D. kubricki sp. n. from central Peru and D. kamagarini sp. n. from southern Peru, northeastern Bolivia, and northwestern Brazil. Genetic distances (uncorrected p, gene 12S) between D. parviceps and the new species is 3 to 4%. Dendropsophus kamagarini sp. n. can be distinguished from D. parviceps by having a prominent conical tubercle on the distal edge of the upper eyelid (tubercle absent in D. parviceps). Dendropsophus kubricki sp. n. differs from D. parviceps by having scattered low tubercles on the upper eyelids (smooth in D. parviceps). Dendropsophus parviceps and both new species differ from all their congeners by their small size (adult maximum SVL = 28.39 mm in females, 22.73 mm in males) and by having a bright orange blotch on the hidden areas of the shanks and under arms. The advertisement call of the two new species has lower dominant frequency relative to D. parviceps. Probable speciation modes are discussed. Available evidence indicates that ecological speciation along an elevation gradient is unlikely in this species complex.

El presente artículo constituye un recorrido narrativo y etnográfico por las cadenas económicas que unen al reciclaje con el uso comercial de la basura en la ciudad de Quito. Se analiza, a través de la observación participante, cómo las inequidades sociales producen una alta rentabilidad en los eslabones más altos y lucrativos de esta actividad económica. El reciclaje y su cadena productiva son parte del capitalismo neoliberal contemporáneo y su estrategia de acumulación basada en las diversidades de clase, etnia, género o etarias, que se reproducen de manera inequitativa en los primeros eslabones. De esta manera convierten la desigualdad en un beneficio económico para empresas especializadas que transforman materiales reciclados en otros de uso comercial. En esta trama, las mujeres pobres son utilizadas por los niveles superiores dentro de un complejo proceso de superexplotación y autoexplotación, lo cual evidencia un encadenamiento productivo caracterizado por acumular riqueza usando la cadena pobreza-desigualdad-basura-reciclaje.

The Florida mouse (Podomys floridanus) is endemic to Florida and is considered vulnerable by the IUCN due to extensive habitat loss. Here, we describe a panel of 76 microsatellite DNA markers for population genetic studies of this species. Fourteen of these loci were examined to estimate genetic diversity for 39 specimens collected in Florida in 1957 and 2006. DNA extractions from the 1957 specimens were carried out from snips of skin taken from museum voucher skins, whereas the 2006 samples were extracted from fresh liver tissue. The use of museum skins for reconstructing the genetics of historical populations is becoming a critical part of understanding past, present, and future genetic trends for threatened species. Mean expected heterozygosity for the two populations was 0.73 and mean observed heterozygosity was 0.75. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 15. All microsatellites were polymorphic, and exhibited variability across time.