The close contact between people and their pets has generated the exchange of skin microbiota, accompanied by bacteria that present resistance to antibiotics. Staphylococcus spp., opportunistic pathogens present in the skin and mucosa of mammals, have had their importance recognized in human and veterinary medicine. The objectives of this study were to identify Staphylococcus spp. present in isolates from the nostrils of healthy humans, dogs and cats as well as to determine their phenotype of resistance to methicillin. Strain identification was performed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using a disk diffusion assay for 12 antibiotics. Sixty humans (veterinary and technicians), sixty dogs and sixty cats were sampled; of them, 61.6%, 56.6% and 46.6%, respectively, carried Staphylococcus spp. in their nostrils, and only two people carried two different species of Staphylococcus in the only anatomical site sampled. A methicillin-resistant phenotype was present in 48.7% of the humans, 26.5% of the dogs and 57.1% of the cats, and sampled. These results demonstrate the presence of Staphylococcus spp. strains resistant to methicillin in personnel who work in contact with animals, as well as in dogs and cats that entered the same hospital or veterinary clinic, which alerts us to the potential transfer of these strains to or between people, dogs and/or cats.

Alternatives for the closure of extremity fasciotomyFasciotomy is the mainstay of treatment and prevention of acute compartment syndrome. Given the important deep tissue edema, closure of the resulting wound generates a significant reconstructive challenge for the surgeon. The aim of this article is to provide an update concerning alternatives for closure of fasciotomy of limbs, for which a search of articles indexed in PubMed, Scielo and Epistemonikos databases was performed. At least 6 techniques were found, each of them with specific advantages and disadvantages. We recommend that the choice should be according to the surgeons experience, resources and context of each patient. Key words: fasciotomy; compartment syndromes; wound closure techniques; extremities. ResumenLa fasciotomía es el pilar del tratamiento y prevención del síndrome compartimental agudo. Una vez resuelto el cuadro agudo que derivó en la necesidad de ésta, el cierre de la herida resultante genera un importante desafío reconstructivo para el cirujano dado el importante edema residual de los tejidos. El objetivo de este artículo es entregar una actualización respecto a las alternativas de cierre de una fasciotomía de extremidades, para lo cual se realizó una búsqueda de artículos indexados en PubMed, Epistemonikos y Scielo. Se encontraron al menos 6 técnicas disponibles, cada una de ellas con determinadas ventajas y desventajas. Recomendamos que la elección sea de acuerdo a la experiencia del cirujano, los recursos disponibles y el contexto de cada paciente. Palabras clave: fasciotomía; cierre de heridas; síndrome compartimental; extremidades. IntroducciónLa fasciotomía es el pilar del tratamiento y prevención del síndrome compartimental agudo (SCA). Sin embargo, una vez resuelta la causa que produjo o condujo a la necesidad de la liberación del compartimiento, la herida resultante prolonga de forma significativa la estadía hospitalaria y su cierre genera un gran desafío reconstructivo 1 . En la literatura internacional se estima una incidencia anual de SCA en una extremidad traumatizada de 7,3 por 100.000 hombres y 7,0 por 100.000 mujeres 2 . El SCA consiste en el aumento progresivo de la presión dentro de un compartimento osteofascial cerrado, que sobrepasa en primer lugar la presión venosa, causando gran edema, lo que contribuye finalmente a sobrepasar la presión arterial de perfusión de la extremidad, generando isquemia de los tejidos que de no ser tratada oportunamente evoluciona hacia la necrosis, pérdida de la extremidad y en raros casos, la muer-

Effects of low dose corticosteroids in patients undergoing major hepatic resection with Pringle maneuver Introduction: Liver resections may be associated with high morbidity and mortality due to intraoperative bleeding. Pringle maneuver reduces this complication at the expense of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Current strategies to minimize reperfusion injury include the use of perioperative corticosteroids. Objective: To assess the use of methylprednisolone in low doses (< 500 mg) in patients submitted to major hepatic resection under Pringle maneuver in the incidence of ischemia-reperfusion injury, peri-operative morbidity, and mortality. Material and Methods: Retrospective study from the liver resections database undertaken between the years 2000-2015 in our center. One hundred and seventy-one major liver resections were done, in 62 under Pringle maneuver. Two groups were established: (A) Patients administered methylprednisolone immediately before Pringle maneuver (n = 27) and (B) those without steroid (n = 35). We assessed ischemia-reperfusion injury by measuring liver tests on days 1, 3 and 5. Results: Patients in group A had longer ischemia time (43 ± 3.3 vs. 27 ± 2.1 min, p < 0.05) than those of group B, and significantly lower elevation of serum phosphatase alkaline and bilirubin on days 1 and five post-hepatectomy. We did not observe any difference in bleeding magnitude, and there were no differences in morbidity or mortality. Conclusions: The use of low doses of methylprednisolone seems to diminish the impact of ischemia-reperfusion injury related to major hepatic resection under Pringle maneuver avoiding the adverse side effects of high dose steroid.