No abstract

The specific conductances of certain solutions of pure and mixed salts in the concentrations occurring in sea water have been measured. The compositions of the solutions, the methods of preparation, and the values of specific gravity used in calculating the equivalent conductances have been discussed by the authors.2 The measurements were made a t 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 2 5 O , using the apparatus and employing the technique previously described. aObserved deviations in measurements did not exceed 0.02%. Duplicate solutions were prepared and run in almost all instances. No discrepancies were found between duplicate samples since the experimental data and the calculations were checked repeatedly. The principal sources of error were in filling the cells rather than in preparing the solutions or in measuring the resistances. Uncertainties due to small temperature fluctuations were reduced to low values by taking several independent readings of the resistance of each cell a t each temperature. Duplicate determinations usually were made in different cells at different times. This served as a check on the cell constants as well as a means of reducing experimental errors. ResultsData.-The specific conductance and equivalent conductance data are listed in Tables I to V. Values of temperature coefficients of equivalent conductance are also included.The conductances of sodium chloride solutions and of potassium chloride solutions a t 25' have been determined by Shedlovsky4 whose measurements were based on the standard recommended by Jones and B r a d~h a w .~ The results of Shedlovsky, data from the "International Critical Tables" converted to the same basis, and the results of the present work on these solutions are (1) Paper read at the Ninety-sixth Meeting of the American (2) Bremner, Thompson and Utterback, THIS JOURNAL, 60, 2616-(3) Bremner and Thompson, ibid., 59, 2372-2374 (1937). (4) shown in Fig. 1. The agreement between the results of Shedlovsky and those reported here indicates the reproducibility and consistency which can be obtained with the apparatus and technique now available. Temperature Coefficients.-Average values of the temperature coefficients were computed for each 5' interval by means of the equation where A, is the equivalent conductance at a given temperature. These results were plotted against temperature, and the values of the coefficients a tTABLE I ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCES AND TEMPERATURE COEFFI-CIENTS OF EQUIVALENT CONDUCTANCE FOR SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS Mg. eq. per Specific Kg. water Liter s o h cond. (108) 466.377 341.198 193.318 96.116 466.377 341.198 193.318 96.116 466.377 341.198 193.318 96.116 466.377 341.198 193.318 96.116 466.377 341.198 193.318 96.116 466.377 341.198 193.318 96.116 25' 461.184 43537 338.168 32902 192.109 19595 95.678 10247 461.810 39291 338.611 29678 20 O 192.348 17659 95.793 9225. g 15' 462.335 35187 338.976 26558 192.540 15787 95.884 8238.9 10' 462.750 3 1230 192.682 139% 339.256 23549 95.948 7286.7 5 O 463.042 27423 339.439 20659 192.763 12246 95.981 6373.1 0' 463...

No abstract

No abstract