Some Chemical, Planktonic and Optical Characteristics of Crater Lake

Utterback, C. L.; Phifer, L. D.; Robinson, Robert J.

doi:10.2307/1930877

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…An ice covered lake in the dry valleys region of Antarctica (L. Vanda) had low levels of phytoplankton and DOC and K d,320 = 0.055 m -1 near its surface (Vincent et al, 1998). An earlier study (Goldman et al, 1967) reported that the upper water column in L. Vanda was remarkably clear and similar to pure water based on blue photometer measurements (K d,blue = 0.031 on one occasion, identical to K d,blue average over 0-40 m for Crater Lake in July 1940, Utterback et al, 1942). In a region of the Gulf of Mexico away from the influence of Mississippi River runoff (flowing at the lowest rate in 52 years during July 1988 when measurements were made) Højerslev and Aarup (2002) reported K d,310 = 0.071 m -1 .…”

Section: Spectral Diffuse Attenuation Validation and Variations Ovementioning

confidence: 69%

“…Morel & Prieur, 1977) indicate that while Crater Lake has extremely low levels of absorbing substances near the surface, it also contains particles that increase backscatter (for more on scattering, see Boss et al, 2007). The optical role of abundant glasslike suspended particles reported in the surface waters by Utterback et al (1942) should be investigated.…”

Section: Spectral Measurements Of Incident and Underwater Solar Radiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Filter photometer depth profiles began with Utterback et al (1942), using a custom-built underwater photometer in July 1940 (they employed Schott BG12 filters, URL http://www. us.schott.com/, and a Weston cell, described by Barnard, 1938; the combined response curve has a peak at 450 nm with half-maximum responses at 390 nm and 490 nm).…”

Section: Site Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Black and white Secchi disk measurements were made sporadically since then until the late 1970s, when regular measurements began. An underwater photometer equipped with colored filters and matching deck cell was used to characterize water transparency in 1940 (Utterback et al, 1942) and again in the late 1960s (Larson et al, 1996a;Larson, 2002). Concerns about pollution and degraded water quality in the 1970s led to an improved sewage disposal at the tourist facilities in 1975 and the complete removal of sewage in 1991 (Larson, 2002), and to a federally funded monitoring program beginning in 1983 (Larson et al, 1996a;Larson, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultraviolet radiation and bio-optics in Crater Lake, Oregon

et al. 2007

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Crater Lake, Oregon, is a mid-latitude caldera lake famous for its depth (594 m) and blue color. Recent underwater spectral measurements of solar radiation (300-800 nm) support earlier observations of unusual transparency and extend these to UV-B wavelengths. New data suggest that penetration of solar UVR into Crater Lake has a significant ecological impact. Evidence includes a correlation between water column chlorophyll-a and stratospheric ozone since 1984, the scarcity of organisms in the upper water column, and apparent UV screening pigments in phytoplankton that vary with depth. The lowest UV-B diffuse attenuation coefficients (K d,320 ) were similar to those reported for the clearest natural waters elsewhere, and were lower than estimates for pure water published in 1981. Optical proxies for UVR attenuation were correlated with chlorophyll-a concentration (0-30 m) during typical dry summer months from 1984 to 2002. Using all proxies and measurements of UV transparency, decadal and longer cycles were apparent but no long-term trend since the first optical measurement in 1896.

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Section: Spectral Diffuse Attenuation Validation and Variations Ovementioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Spectral Measurements Of Incident and Underwater Solar Radiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Site Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultraviolet radiation and bio-optics in Crater Lake, Oregon

et al. 2007

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“…15 Relationship between the density of Nitzschia gracilis integrated to a depth of 40 m and Secchi disk transparency in the water column of Crater Lake in August when the lake was thermally stratified toplankton assemblage in Crater Lake is considerably more diverse than the community structure reported from the results of earlier studies (Kemmerer et al, 1924;Brode, 1938;Utterback et al, 1942;D. W. Larson et al, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Seasonal and interannual variability in the taxonomic composition and production dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages in Crater Lake, Oregon

McIntire

Larson²,

Truitt

2007

Hydrobiologia

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Taxonomic composition and production dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages in Crater Lake, Oregon, were examined during time periods between 1984 and 2000. The objectives of the study were (1) to investigate spatial and temporal patterns in species composition, chlorophyll concentration, and primary productivity relative to seasonal patterns of water circulation; (2) to explore relationships between water column chemistry and the taxonomic composition of the phytoplankton; and (3) to determine effects of primary and secondary consumers on the phytoplankton assemblage. An analysis of 690 samples obtained on 50 sampling dates from 14 depths in the water column found a total of 163 phytoplankton taxa, 134 of which were identified to genus and 101 were identified to the species or variety level of classification. Dominant species by density or biovolume included Nitzschia gracilis, Stephanodiscus hantzschii, Ankistrodesmus spiralis, Mougeotia parvula, Dinobryon sertularia, Tribonema affine, Aphanocapsa delicatissima, Synechocystis sp., Gymnodinium inversum, and Peridinium inconspicuum. When the lake was thermally stratified in late summer, some of these species exhibited a stratified vertical distribution in the water column. A cluster analysis of these data also revealed a vertical stratification of the flora from the middle of the summer through the early fall. Multivariate test statistics indicated that there was a significant relationship between the species composition of the phytoplankton and a corresponding set of chemical variables measured for samples from the water column. In this case, concentrations of total phosphorus, ammonia, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and alkalinity were associated with interannual changes in the flora; whereas pH and concentrations of dissolved oxygen, orthophosphate, nitrate, and silicon were more closely related to spatial variation and thermal stratification. The maximum chlorophyll concentration when the lake was thermally stratified in August and September was usually between depths of 100 m and 120 m. In comparison, the depth of maximum primary production ranged from 60 m to 80 m at this time of year.

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A quantitative blueness index for oligotrophic waters: Application to Lake Tahoe, California–Nevada

Watanabe

Vincent

Reuter

et al. 2015

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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The perceived blue color of a lake often contributes to its aesthetic appeal, and changes in blueness can be indicative of major shifts in water quality. We developed a quantitative blue water index (Bw) for natural waters, and used it to evaluate spatial and seasonal variations in ultraoligotrophic Lake Tahoe, where clarity and blueness are of ecological and economic value and a focus for lake management strategies. Spectral reflectance was measured using a profiling hyperspectral radiometer, and the values were converted to the axis values of a color space: the International Commission on Illumination L*a*b*, where L* is the lightness of color, a* ranges from green to magenta, and b* ranges from blue to yellow. The blue water index Bw, defined as negative b*, was similarly high at two offshore monitoring sites in Lake Tahoe, but much lower in a semienclosed bay and a small adjacent lake. Seasonal variations of Bw were determined using a hyperspectral radiometer attached to a buoy in the middle of Lake Tahoe. The Bw values were highest in summer, and there was a strong inverse correlation between Bw and phytoplankton concentrations as measured by in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence. However, there was no significant correlation between Bw and Secchi depth. Blueness and visual clarity are complementary measures of the perceived optical state of natural waters, and for many lakes may provide a powerful combination of indicators for conveying water quality to the public.

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Some Chemical, Planktonic and Optical Characteristics of Crater Lake

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Ultraviolet radiation and bio-optics in Crater Lake, Oregon

Ultraviolet radiation and bio-optics in Crater Lake, Oregon

Seasonal and interannual variability in the taxonomic composition and production dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages in Crater Lake, Oregon

A quantitative blueness index for oligotrophic waters: Application to Lake Tahoe, California–Nevada

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