Purpose To evaluate the various clinical presentations, etiological diagnosis and prognosis of patients with scleritis at a tertiary care eye center. Methods Retrospective, monocentric and analytical study on a series of 32 patients with scleritis seen in the departments of Ophthalmology and Internal Medicine at Croix‐Rousse University Hospital, Lyon, France from 2004 through 2011. Results The mean age of patients with scleritis was 46.8 years (range 22‐77years). Nineteen of the patients were women and 13 were men. Twenty‐six patients (81%) had anterior scleritis (15 nodular, 8 diffuse and 3 necrotizing), six (19%) had posterior scleritis. Unilateral inflammation was present in 24 patients (75%). Twelve of the 32 patients (37.5%) had a systemic disease : Wegener's granulomatosis (n = 3),Behçet's disease (n = 2), unspecified inflammatory arthritis (n = 2), psoriatic arthritis (n = 1),ankylosing spondylitis (n = 1), sarcoidosis (n = 1), Cogan's syndrome (n = 1), ulcerative colitis (n = 1). Six patients (18.8%) were suspected of having infectious disease with herpes : clinical context and positive treatment response with oral valacyclovir. Systemic agents and topical agents were required in 28 patients (87.5%). The first line therapy was mainly oral non steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in 15 patients (47%) and oral corticosteroids in 8 (25%). Immunosuppressive drugs were required in 6 patients, 4 with systemic disease. The mean follow‐up was 16.3 months. Conclusion The number of systemic disease in our series is similar to the main series in the literature. Treatment with valacyclovir might be effective in patients with suspected herpes simplex scleritis.

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Fournier gangrene is a rare life-threatening surgical emergency mainly due to a polymicrobial infection of the perineal, genital, or perianal region. It is characterized by rapid tissue destruction and systemic signs of toxicity. It is more frequent in males and immunocompromised patients, such as patients with poorly controlled diabetes, alcoholism, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Treatment often involves surgical intervention, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, fecal diversion surgery, and negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Delays in diagnosis are associated with high mortality due to rapid progression to septic shock.

Purpose Surgical treatment of epiretinal membrane (ERM) have been facilitated by use of dyes such as brilliant blue G (BBG) whose harmlessness by intravitrael injection have been fully reported. Methods We describe the case of a seventy‐two year old female patient addressed for surgical treatment of left idiopathic ERM that caused metamorphopsia and a decrease of visual acuity. Pars plana vitrectomy and ERM peeling staining with BBG was performed. Results During the procedure, an unusual complication occurs: intraretinal BBG infiltration. The area was limited (under a disc diameter) located in macular area, in temporal and superior to the fovea; the infiltration reached all retinal layers according to our OCT images. A defect in retina nerve fiber layer seems to be the origin of that staining. No damage in the field or in fluorescein and indocyanine angiography were observed. A progressive resorption of the staining appeared with atrophy of the inners retinal layers as aftereffect. Visual acuity reached 9/10 Pa2 a month and a half after the surgery. Conclusion In spite of the benefits of vital dyes in vitreoretinal surgery which are widely used, this case remains us the damage that can occur.