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Background: In late December 2019 and on 1st January 2020, the coronavirus (COVID-19) infecting humans was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Later cases have also been confirmed worldwide. Coronaviruses are RNA viruses that are phenotypically and genotypically diverse. Globally, as of 6th April 2020, laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported to the World Health Organisation (WHO) amounted to 1 211 214, including 67 666 deaths. Aim: In the current study, we performed a literature review on coronavirus outbreak to summarise details about the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and the management strategies for the disease control. Pathogenesis: Coronaviruses are tremendously precise and mature only in differentiated respiratory epithelial cells, as seen in both organ cultures as well as human volunteers. This virus will cause the antiviral T-cell response to be erratic, owing to the T-cell apoptosis activation, triggering the immune system to collapse. Transmission: The understanding of the transmission of COVID-19 risk is incomplete. The transmission mainly occurs through the respiratory droplets once an infected person sneezes, like the spread of flu and other respiratory infectious agents. Clinical presentation: Presentations of COVID-19 includes fever, cough, shortness of breath, malaise and respiratory distress. Treatment: There have been no approved vaccines available for COVID-19 until today. The Ministry of Science and Technology in the People's Republic of China declared three potential antiviral medicines suitable for treating COVID-19. Those three medicines are, namely, favilavir, chloroquine phosphate and remdesivir. Hydroxychloroquine combined with azithromycin enhances the reduction of the viral load in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: The corona virus transmits quicker than its two predecessors the MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, but has reduced casualty. The global effects of this latest pandemic are still unclear. Nevertheless, considering that so far no vaccine has been available; preventive approaches are the best way to fight against the virus.

Background: It is no doubt that longer wait times can affect patient care and patients’ willingness to seek health-care services. Not only does this disrupt the continuity of treatment and care, but it also negatively impacts patient outcomes. During the past few years, the concept of patient satisfaction has become a vital component in assessing the delivery and efficiency of care. Patient satisfaction is a performance indicator that measures the extent to which patient is content and satisfied with the level of care provided by health-care institutions and providers. Therefore, this research examined association between the wait times and patient satisfaction in selected primary health-care centers in Al Qassim region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A patient satisfaction questionnaire was administered to 850 patients, which collected patient perceptions on the delivery of care at health-care centers in Al Qassim City. Outcome measures included wait times for: registration and payment, seeing the physician, performing radiation and assays, and dispensing the medications. Results: The response rate was 72.94% (n = 620). The study found that 27.90% of the participants stated that the wait time to see the physician ranged between 21 and 30 minutes. Overall patients were mainly dissatisfied for wait times in relation to medication dispensation, vital signs measurement, dental consultations, and radiological investigation. The study found a positive association between the patient satisfaction and their education, marital status, and job. A significant regression equation was established between the patient satisfaction and age-group and literacy. Conclusion: The study advocated the need for recent technology, sufficient staffing, and patient-centered friendly methods to reduce wait times.

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