Fires resulting from titanium combustion are complex and violent processes which can instantly burn a titanium alloy once ignited. The occurrence of titanium combustion is a disaster for aircraft. Accurate measurement of the ignition temperature of titanium alloys is of significance in preventing such fires and in investigating combustion-resistance properties. In this study, monochromatic temperature and emissivity measurement methods based on reflectivity detection were used to determine the ignition temperature of a titanium alloy. Experiments were carried out using a titanium burning apparatus. The temperatures of titanium in the oxidation stage before ignition and in the combustion stage during the ignition process were measured using wavelengths of 1050 nm and 940 nm, respectively. Experimental results showed that the ignition temperature of the titanium alloy could be measured by reflectivity detection and that measurement precision during thermal oxidation (500-900 °C) was ±1 °C. The temperature of the ignition process ranged between 1653 and 1857 °C, and the ignition temperature was around 1680 °C.

Recently plasmonic effect has attracted tremendous interests due to its ability of light trapping and improving the photovoltaic performances of solar cells. In this letter, we propose a solution method based fabrication route of Ag plasmons and realize a pronounced optical gain in ZnO:Al (AZO) thin film, which is strongly beneficial to harvest incident sunlight in thin film solar cells. Processing parameters, such as spinning speed, coating times and post-annealing temperature, could be regulated to optimize the plasmon effects of silver particles. The reflectance of silver particles coated AZO (Ag/AZO) is reduced by ~18%, and the transmittance is enhanced by ~40% simultaneously. The underlying mechanisms are discussed in combination with the microstructures of the silver particles.