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Rates of hydration of isobutene were measured with Amberlyst-15 catalyst particles in a differential, liquid-full recycle reactor operating at atmospheric pressure and 303 to 333 K. Catalysts pretreated in two different ways were studied. Liquid-to-particle mass transfer had a small but measurable effect on the rate. Intraparticle diffusion was more significant, as indicated by effectiveness factors from 0.26 for the larger catalyst particles (dp = 1.04 x m) at 333 K to 0.84 for the smaller particles (dp = 0.45 x m) at 303 K. The intrinsic rate was first-order in isobutene concentration with an activation energy of 67 kJ/mol. The intraparticle diffusion resistance is due to the macropores surrounding the very small gel-type microparticles of which the particles were composed. Some data were obtained for reaction rates in trickle-bed operation. Global rates were somewhat lower in the trickle-bed operation than in the liquid-full runs. Using the previously determined intrinsic kinetics and effectiveness factors, the liquid-to-particle mass transfer coefficients could be approximated for the trickle-bed operation.

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