Objectives: To define euthanasia, as well as orthanasia, misthanasia and dysthanasia, to start from this, to discuss the different philosophical, ethical and moral visions that surround the subject. Methods: Exploratory qualitative study which defined from the existing literature the pertinent concepts and from them brought discussions about euthanasia. Results: Euthanasia ("Good Death") and dysthanasia are medical procedures that concern the death of the human being and the most appropriate way of dealing with it. Euthanasia is primarily concerned with the quality of human life in its final phase, while dysthanasia seeks the extension of the human life quantity, fighting death. Euthanasia differs from social euthanasia, or misthanasia (miserable death) because it has no relation with the search for a good, smooth and painless death. Orthothanasia (art of well-dying) rejects all forms of misthanasia, yet does not fall into the trap of euthanasia or dysthanasia. There is a link between the economic devaluation of human beings and the cultural tendency that is increasingly emphasized in refusing the will of the right to live for those who are too weak to demand this right. Conclusion: A dichotomy between favorable views and contrary to euthanasia was obtained. This discussion is surrounded by modern moral, ethical and philosophical values that conflict with of the postmodernism. Euthanasia within a modern concept cannot be contemplated with the dominant values of the Christian morality. This moral is incorporated by the norms of health accepted by the majority of health professionals.

Objectives: To present the impact of the various factors that affect mortality in pediatric patients who require red blood cell transfusion in the most diverse situations. Method: This is a systematic review, conducted according to the PRISMA methodology, linking randomized controlled trials and meta-analyzes of the last ten years in the English language, through a search in the electronic indexer PUBMED. The selected studies included patients of both sexes, without race restrictions, aged 18 years or less, submitted to a red cell transfusion procedure, regardless of the cause of transfusion, in articles published between 2006 and 2016. Results: 38 articles were searched, of which 34 were excluded after the selection screen, resulting in 4 articles for the analysis. The main results found reinforce the efficacy of transfusion restriction protocols compared to liberal protocols in relation to hemoglobin values. Also, no relationship was found between storage time and mortality. It has been identified that the main cause of mortality for chronically transfused patients is due to infections.Conclusions: Red blood cell transfusion in pediatric populations is a subject that needs further studies to measure the real impact on mortality.