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Socialization is the process through which children acquire the behavior considered appropriate by the groups to which they relate (i.e., their family, community, and the larger society). Researchers who focus on the psychology of women have been particularly interested in illuminating this process with respect to gender. They have noted that girls, as well as boys, are expected to develop attitudes and behaviors that fit societal norms for their gender designation; that parents, teachers, and other societal agents foster gender-typed behavior; and that children themselves adopt genderstereotypic characteristics at very early ages (Ruble, 1988).Despite considerable research in recent years on the topic of socialization and gender, major questions remain unanswered regarding the psychological assumptions underlying these investigations. For example, What are the actual gender-type beliefs of a changing society? How strong a consensus is there among the various segments of society regarding appropriate gender behavior as it pertains to girls? To what extent do the bio-93

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