Permian rocks are widespread in Afghanistan and species of the Fusulinida show that all stages of this system from Asselian to Dorashamian are present. All of the species encountered in this study from almost all known Permian exposures in Afghanistan are herein described and figured, including one new genus, Laosella n. gen., and 41 new species and subspecies including Neofusulinella callosa n. sp., N. magna n. sp., Codonofusiella simplex n. sp., Biwaella tumefacta n. sp., Zellia heritschi afghanica n. subsp., Rugososchwagerina altimurica n. sp., R. heratica n. sp., Darvasella ponderosa n. sp., D. cucumeriformis n. sp., Dutkevitchia sourkhobensis n. sp., Darvasites ordinatus longus n. subsp., D. afghanensis n. sp., Chalaroschwagerina bamianica n. sp., C. sourkhobensis n. sp., Pseudofusulina karapetovi n. sp., P. karapetovi gudriensis n. sp. and n. subsp., P. karapetovi tezakensis n. sp. and n. subsp., P. macilenta n. sp., P. peregrina n. sp., P. fabra grandiuscula n. subsp., P. acuminatula n. sp., P. hessensis orientalis n. subsp., P. heratica n. sp., P. sourkhobensis n. sp., P. priva n. sp., P. bulolensis n. sp., P. argandabensis n. sp., P. immensa n. sp., P. perspicua n. sp., P. haftkalensis n. sp., Praeskinnerella crassitectoria afghanensis n.subsp., Parafusulina uruzganensis n. sp., Chusenella subextensa n. sp., Rugosochusenella dialis n. sp., Verbeekina (Quasiverbeekina) altimurensis n. sp., Cancellina (Shengella) bamianica n. sp., Neoschwagerina bamianica n. sp., Colania altimurensis n. sp., Presumatrina uruzganensis n. sp., P. longa n. sp., and Sumatrina bulolensis n. sp.The current study shows that the fusulinid faunas in Afghanistan and adjacent Pamir can be used to compare and contrast the different tectonic zones present in these two regions. Four major conclusions regarding the geologic history of Afghanistan and surrounding territories follow:1. The geology of Afghanistan and Pamir is complex, and the Permian rocks in the numerous tectonic zones are small relics of much larger depositional basins that were crushed during the collision of the Indostanian and Laurasian plates.
The carbonate facies and fusulinid assemblages of the Asselian and Sakmarian Stages in north Afghanistan and north Pamir, which apparently had marine connections with south Tien Shan and the southern Ural region, are characteristic of tropical shelves. Asselian and lower Sakmarian(?) rocks of south Afghanistan and southPamir, however, are exclusively siliciclastic, lack fusulinids, but contain cold-water bryozoans, brachiopods, and bivalves typical of Perigondwanan seas. A fusulinid fauna that is endemic and quite different from coeval faunas in the northern areas appears only in the upper half of the Sakmarian Stage. This fusulinid assemblage suggests that the Lower Permian rocks in south Afghanistan were formed in cool-to moderately cold-water environments. Because the northern and southern areas of Afghanistan and Pamir that once were in different climatic belts are now essentially Downloaded from 2 E. Ja. Leven in contact, t...
