Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is an infectious disease caused by a gram-negative bacterium Ehrlichia canis that has a high global prevalence that leads to high rates of morbidity and mortality in dogs. Among the clinical changes, ophthalmic diseases can lead to permanent blindness and it can be an important clinical sign. The objective of this study was to perform nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to diagnose E. canis infection in dogs with bilateral uveitis from the Veterinary Hospital of the Santa Cruz State University. Blood samples were collected and DNA for the molecular diagnosis was extracted from 66 adult dogs of both genders and mixed breeds diagnosed with bilateral uveitis. Thirtyfive (53%) dogs showed positive results and presented with iridocyclitis, posterior uveitis, panuveitis, or uveitis with secondary glaucoma. This study demonstrates that nested PCR is an important tool for the differential diagnosis of dogs with bilateral uveitis, as it provides evidence of the infectious agent in the animal. Key words: Eye. Glaucoma. Infectious Uveitis. Nested PCR. Rickettsia. ResumoErliquiose Monocítica Canina (EMC) é uma doença infecciosa causada por uma bactéria gram negativa da espécie Ehrlichia canis, que possui alta prevalência mundial e conduz a elevadas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade em cães. Dentre as alterações clínicas, as oftalmopatias podem levar a cegueira permanente e é ser um importante sinal clínico. Objetivou-se realizar nested-PCR para diagnosticar infecção por E. canis em cães portadores de uveíte bilateral provenientes da casuística do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz. Sessenta e seis cães adultos, de ambos sexos e raças variadas, diagnosticados com uveíte bilateral foram submetidos a coleta de sangue e o DNA para realização do diagnóstico molecular foi extraído destas amostras. Foram positivos no teste 35 (53%) cães, que apresentaram iridociclite, uveíte posterior, panuveíte ou uveíte com glaucoma secundário. Esse estudo demonstra a nested-PCR como ferramenta importante no diagnóstico diferencial de cães com uveíte
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of veterinary dental gel containing Aloe vera and green tea, with and without a water additive in preventing calculus formation in dogs after all animals were initially submitted to periodontal treatment. The preventive treatment was performed on 72 dogs, which 24 received treatment with the veterinary dental gel (G1), 24 received treatment with the gel associated with a water additive (G2), and 24 dogs did not receive any treatment (G3). The animals also were subdivided into three groups according to their diet. The gel was applied directly to the dogs’ teeth and 500 ml of the additive was added to the water, three times a week. The animals’ teeth were photographed every 30 days to observe the time of new deposition of dental calculus. The images were analyzed by MATLAB. The dogs in G1 showed average of new accumulation of dental calculus of 254.8 days, those in G2 also showed an average return of 258.6 days, and G3 showed an average return of 156.7 days. There was a statistical difference between G1 - G3 (p-value = 0,000007885) and G2 - G3 (p-value = 0,00004568). There was no statistical difference between the different food groups. We concluded that the gel used in this study, associated or not with the water additive, was effective in helping to maintain the dental health of the animals for a prolonged period after the surgical procedure to prevent the calculus return.
A Erliquiose Monocítica Canina (EMC) é uma hemoparasitose de grande importância no cenário brasileiro, acometendo cães através da picada do carrapato vetor Rhipicephalus sanguineus infectado durante o repasto sanguíneo. Esta doença tem alta prevalência principalmente em âmbito nacional, causando altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Alterações oftálmicas são consideradas de grande importância nos animais acometidos pois podem ser a única manifestação clínica da doença e causar cegueira permanente. Objetivou-se com este artigo abordar as principais alterações oftálmicas associadas à EMC, assim como sua fisiopatogenia, métodos diagnóstico, opções terapêuticas e prognóstico, visando o melhor entendimento desses sinais dentro da clínica médica de pequenos animais. Para tal, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica buscando estudos de correlação entre a EMC e as alterações oftálmicas em cães onde foi observado que a úvea é a porção mais acometida, por ser altamente vascularizada e imunossensível. Dessa forma, as consequências oftálmicas podem ser graves e permanentes quando o diagnóstico e o tratamento são tardios, e, portanto, essa atualização é de grande valia para os médicos veterinários que trabalham com a clínica geral de pequenos animais.
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