Loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, belongs to the family Cobitidae, and it is a small freshwater fish that widely distributes in river and lake. It is more popular by consumers in China, North Korea, Japan and India (You et al., 2010) due to its rich nutrition and delicious taste. This fish is also known as 'ginseng in water' because of its physiological functions including lowering blood pressure and lipid (Zhu & Wu, 2018). Furthermore, loach is also used in Chinese traditional medicine. The increasing market demand for loach drives growth of loach farming (Zhang et al., 2010) in recent years. China Fishery Statistics Year Book (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, 2019) reported that yield of loach is approximately 0.36 million tons in 2018. Besides, declining wild loach resources also increasingly promotes the development of loach farming. Loach farming in China, generally, possesses a variety of culturing patterns, such as ecological culture, rice field farming, pond farming, soilless farming and cage culture (Dong et al., 2018).Previous studies focussed on nutrient composition, body colour and texture of population between wild and cultured fish (Dong et al., 2018;Song et al., 2017;Yuan et al., 2017). Study regarding loach immunity between wild and cultured population, however, is quite few. Therefore, researchers and scholars have increasingly spent more attention on effects of rearing patterns on health status during the last few years.There are various patterns to farm fish. Due to different ecological habits, aquaculture has different adaptability to these patterns, such as adaptability of breeding species to the environment,
