Introduction. Using single anesthetic agent in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) may lead to inadequate analgesia and sedation. To achieve the adequate analgesia and sedation the single anesthetic agent doses must be increased which causes undesirable side effects. For avoiding high doses of single anesthetic agent nowadays combination with sedative agents is mostly a choice for analgesia and sedation for ERCP. Aim. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of propofol alone, propofol + remifentanil, and propofol + fentanyl combinations on the total dose of propofol to be administered during ERCP and on the pain scores after the process. Materials and Method. This randomized study was performed with 90 patients (ASA I-II-III) ranging between 18 and 70 years of age who underwent sedation/analgesia for elective ERCP. The patients were administered only propofol (1.5 mg/kg) in Group Ι, remifentanil (0.05 μg/kg) + propofol (1.5 mg/kg) combination in Group II, and fentanyl (1 μg/kg) + propofol (1.5 mg/kg) combination in Group III. All the patients' sedation levels were assessed with the Ramsey Sedation Scale (RSS). Their recovery was assessed with the Aldrete and Numerical Rating Scale Score (NRS) at 10 min intervals. Results. The total doses of propofol administered to the patients in the three groups in this study were as follows: 375 mg in Group I, 150 mg in Group II, and 245 mg in Group III. Conclusion. It was observed that, in the patients undergoing ERCP, administration of propofol in combination with an opioid provided effective and reliable sedation, reduced the total dose of propofol, increased the practitioner satisfaction, decreased the pain level, and provided hemodynamic stability compared to the administration of propofol alone.
Amaç: Kadavradan karaciğer nakil ameliyatlarında postreperfüzyon sendromu gelişimini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve PRS'nin taburculuğa etkisinin araştırılmasıdır.Yöntemler: 2007-2013 yılları arasında kadavradan ortotopik karaciğer nakli yapılmış hastalar retrospektif tarandı. Hastaların dosyalarından intraoperatif anestezi bilgileri, yoğun bakım izlem formları, hastane çıkış epikrizleri incelendi. Bilgilerine tam ulaşılan 43 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Reperfüzyon sonrası ilk 5 dakika içinde gelişen ve 1 dakika süre ile devam eden ortalama arter basıncındaki %30'dan fazla olan azalma ya da asistol gelişimi postreperfüzyon sendromu (PRS) olarak kabul edildi. Hastalar PRS gelişen ve geliş-meyen olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular:Kırk üç hastanın 25'inde (%58,1) PRS meydana geldiği görüldü. PRS gelişmeyen hastaların MELD skor ortalaması 16,9±3,2, PRS gelişenlerin MELD skor ortalaması 19,7±3,6 olarak hesaplandı. PRS gelişimi ile MELD skor yüksekliği arasında istatistiksel anlamlı ilişki saptandı (p=0,013). Reperfüzyon döneminin hemen öncesindeki dönemde ölçülen diyastolik kan basıncı PRS gelişen grupta PRS gelişmeyen gruba göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düşük seyretti (p=0,023, 50±8'e karşı 58±11) Logistik regresyon analizinde MELD skoru ve reperfüzyon öncesi diyastolik kan basın-cı düşüklüğü bağımsız ön gördürücü faktör olarak belirlendi.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda PRS oranını %58,1 olarak saptadık. PRS gelişimini etkileyen faktör olarak MELD skor yüksekliğini ve reperfüzyon öncesi diyastolik basınç düşüklüğü bağımsız etken olarak belirledik. Ortotopik karaciğer transplantasyonu sırasında PRS gelişimi anestezistler için oldukça önemlidir. PRS ile ilişkili önemli klinik faktörlerin bilinmesi bu sendromun önlenmeye çalışılması için stratejilerin karar verilmesine yardımcı olabilir. Anahtar kelimeler: Karaciğer transplantasyonu, postreperfüzyon sendromu, anesteziObjective: To evaluate the factors that affects the postperfusion syndrome in cadaveric liver transplantations and the effect of the postperfusion syndrome on discharge from the hospital. Methods:Patients who underwent cadaveric liver transplantations between 2007 and 2013 were scanned retrospectively. Intraoperative anaesthesia records, intensive care unit follow-up forms and discharge reports were examined from patient files. Overall, 43 patients having complete data were included in the study. The postperfusion syndrome is defined as asystoli or a decrease in mean arterial pressure of more than 30%, which occurred in the first 5 min of reperfusion and continued for 1 min. Patients were divided into two groups: those who had the postperfusion syndrome and those who did not. Results:The number of patients who had the postperfusion syndrome was 25 of 43 (58.1%). The MELD score of patients without the postperfusion syndrome was calculated as 16.9±3.2 and that of patients with the postperfusion syndrome was 19.7±3.6. A statistically significant relationship was detected between the postperfusion syndrome occurrence and a high MELD score (p=0.013). The diastol...
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