Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is frequent in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and has been associated with worse outcome. Platelet transfusions are often used in the management of ICU patients with severe thrombocytopenia. However, the reported frequencies of thrombocytopenia and platelet transfusion practices in the ICU vary
Os cuidados paliativos visam a implementação de estratégias de forma a otimizar a qualidade de vida dos doentesem fase terminal de vida e das suas famílias. As manifestações clínicas em doentes em fim de vida podem ser difíceis devalorizar. Embora a inflamação possa prevalecer, o estado deimuno-senescência torna a doença infeciosa pauci-sintomáticae diferente do habitual. Adinamia, febre e tosse, são frequentemente interpretadas e medicadas como infeção. Em paralelo,embora a infeção seja comum em fim de vida, a mesma é muitas vezes um marcador de gravidade e não o problema em si.A terapêutica antibiótica, usada habitualmente neste contexto,pode não servir os melhores interesses do doente e contribuirpara o desenvolvimento de microrganismos resistentes, o quetem implicações negativas a nível da comunidade. Neste textodiscutimos os potenciais benefícios e riscos da terapêutica antibiótica nesta população, a qual, no nosso entender, deveráser enquadrada no âmbito da medicina paliativa.
A healthy 32-years-old man was admitted in emergency department after cardiac arrest at home. He had complaints of fatigue and general malaise after Pfizer-BioNTech Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) first dose vaccine 48 hours earlier. Upon hospital admission, patient scored 3 points in Glasgow Coma Scale. Electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response and a point-of-care ultrasound demonstrated severe left ventricular dysfunction with global hypokinesia. Blood tests were remarkable for elevation of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-T and inflammatory parameters, normal platelet and fibrinogen levels and slightly increased D-dimer. A computed tomography (CT) with angiography of the cerebral arteries revealed acute ischemic posterior circulation stroke with total occlusion of the basilar artery and partial occlusion of the left vertebral artery. Life-saving systemic thrombolysis was performed but there was no clinical benefit. Pulmonary embolism was excluded. Transesophageal echocardiography showed severe left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF 30%), global hypokinesia and an apical thrombus with no other significant abnormalities. De novo multiple ischemic injuries were shown in 24h control brain CT. Once autoimmunity, thrombophilia study, PCR and serologic tests for viral infections including SARS-CoV-2 were negative, cardioembolic stroke following post-vaccinal myocarditis was suspected. Brain stem death was verified 72h later and a post-mortem endomyocardial biopsy was performed, although no signal of myocarditis was found. COVID-19 mRNA vaccination is associated with increased risk of myocarditis. We report the first known case of cardioembolic stroke and probable myocarditis after BNT162b2 first dose. This highlights that, although rare and with a predominantly favorable course, vaccine-related myocarditis can have life-threatening complications. Figure 1Apical left ventricle thrombus on transesophageal echocardiography.
RESUMOO penfigoide bolhoso é uma patologia cutânea autoimune adquirida, mais frequente nos idosos. Estudos recentes demonstraram a associação causal entre a ocorrência de penfigoide bolhoso em doentes com síndromes demenciais. Apresentamos o caso de uma doente do sexo feminino, 80 anos, com antecedentes de doença de Parkinson, internada por dermatose bolhosa extensa, constituída por placas urticariformes e bolhas tensas com halo eritematoso, sem envolvimento das mucosas. Após confirmação por biópsia cutânea, imunofluorescência direta positiva e exclusão de outras causas, foi feito o diagnóstico de penfigoide bolhoso. Foi instituída terapêutica com prednisolona, azatriopina e doxiciclina, verificando-se evolução clínica favorável. Consideramos o presente caso clínico pertinente, pois realça a importância do diagnóstico precoce de penfigoide bolhoso. O atraso no início do tratamento pode levar a complicações graves, com elevada morbi-mortalidade. PALAVRAS-CHAVE
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