This study examined the southern or Patagonian (41°–55° S) stock of Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi, the more abundant of the two stocks on the Argentinean continental shelf. Pre‐recruits (age 0+ year individuals) of this stock settle and grow in the San Jorge Gulf (45°–47° S, 65° 30′ W), a complex habitat with large spatial variability in environmental features. Relative condition factor, hepatosomatic index, lipid content and fatty‐acid composition of muscle and liver, and diet information were combined with physical and biological data to evaluate: how nutritional status of age 0+ year hake varies spatially within the nursery ground; whether changes in condition are related to environmental factors and feeding; whether the indices are interchangeable metrics of condition. Both morphometric and biochemical indices showed dissimilar spatial trends; enhanced liver‐based condition coincided with low salinity nutrient rich waters, higher chlorophyll‐a values and abundances of Euphausia spp., the preferred prey at most stations, suggesting a bottom‐up effect on age 0+ year hake condition. Diminished condition at stations where Thermisto gaudichaudii was the main prey could derive from lower prey quality in terms of energy density and essential fatty acids content. Coastal waters of the gulf would be essential habitats for M. hubbsi pre‐recruits. Future monitoring of condition with liver‐based indices is encouraged in the gulf, where interannual increasing trends of satellite‐derived chlorophyll‐a values have been observed, which could have implications for recruitment of the species.
Enfermedades tales como osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, osteogénesis imperfecta y tumores óseos se caracterizan por pérdida de masa ósea con deterioro de la microarquitectura lo que se asocia con riesgo de fractura en la población general. Las terapias convencionales para la reparación de lesiones óseas incluyen la reconstrucción quirúrgica, el trasplante, y el reemplazo por prótesis artificiales. En la actualidad el tratamiento de dichas enfermedades es un área de gran interés, a tal punto que la ingeniería de tejidos, ciencia que aplica los principios de la ingeniería y las ciencias de la vida para desarrollar sustitutos biológicos que reparen o mejoren la función biológica de un tejido u órgano, se ha convertido en una terapia alternativa para tratar la pérdida de hueso por medio de la utilización de productos biomédicos obtenidos a partir de biomateriales con aplicaciones en reparación de tejidos dañados. La búsqueda de nuevos materiales que puedan ser empleados en el campo de la ingeniería de tejidos ha permitido que en los últimos años surja un especial interés en la investigación de las sustancias poliméricas, fundamentalmente de origen natural. Los biopolímeros han presentado un papel primordial en el desarrollo de nuevos materiales por no presentar limitaciones en cuanto a biocompatibilidad, biodegradabilidad y toxicidad, además de ser naturalmente abundantes y renovables. El enfoque de la ingeniería tisular se basa en el uso de tres elementos fundamentales: las células, las biomoléculas y las matrices tridimensionales (scaffolds). En este sentido, los scaffolds poliméricos desempeñan un papel muy importante, y para ello deben cumplir una serie de requisitos con el fin de favorecer la integración y vascularización del tejido, deben ser biocompatibles, biodegradables, tener adecuadas propiedades mecánicas y una superficie química apropiada que favorezca la adhesion, proliferación y diferenciación celular.
The “Estación Permanente de Estudios Ambientales” (EPEA, 38°28´ S 57°41´ W, Argentina) is an ecological time series of in situ observations started in 2000 aiming to assess changes in the marine environment and plankton communities under a global change scenario. Bio-optical properties are studied at EPEA since the color of the ocean undergoes temporal fluctuations, both for natural and anthropogenic causes. Here we assessed whether bio-optical properties at EPEA have changed during 2000-2017, identifying the occurrence of special events and inter-annual trends in these properties. An increasing trend in chlorophyll a concentration, possibly due to an increase in the smaller fraction of phytoplankton was observed. Although the absorption coefficient of phytoplankton did not follow a significant trend, it represented the occurrence of special events of high biomass suggesting that satellite information should be useful for the study site. The specific absorption coefficient of phytoplankton and the blue to red absorption ratio showed high values in summer and low in winter, according to the probable dominance of different size cells and their expected acclimation to the light regime. These results emphasize the relevance of periodic bio-optical in situ observations in understanding coastal ecosystems in a context of climate change.
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