income distribution, inequality, polarization, D31, D63, I32,

This paper studies occupational segregation by ethnicity/race and gender by following a new approach that facilitates multigroup comparisons and econometric analyses to take into account group characteristics. The analysis shows that segregation is particularly intense in the Hispanic and Asian populations (the situation being more severe for the former given its higher concentration in low‐paid jobs). A distinctive characteristic of Hispanics is that segregation is higher for men than for women although females are more concentrated in low‐paid jobs. Segregation neither for women nor for African and Native Americans is reduced by taking human capital variables into account.

En este trabajo deseamos bosquejar las características de las más antiguas ocupaciones humanas registradas arqueológicamente en el Area Río Pinturas, cuya secuencia cultural dispone de un adecuado sustento cronológico en dataciones radiocarbónicas (Gradin et al. 1979, 1984-85). A ese efecto hemos restringido nuestro enfoque regional a la presentación de los niveles culturales Río Pinturas I y II situados entre 9400 y 3300 años AP, habiéndose puesto mayor énfasis en la presentación del nivel Río Pinturas I, considerando que sus datos interesan particularmente al panorama de las poblaciones tempranas del extremo sur de América.

In this paper we make a methodological proposal to measure poverty accounting for time by proposing a new index that aims at reconciling the way poverty is measured in a static and a dynamic framework. Our index is able to consider the duration of the poverty spell and the social preference for equality in well-being given that, in contrast with others that have been previously proposed, it is sensitive to the level of inequality between individual complete poverty experiences over time. Moreover, other indices in the literature can be interpreted as special cases of our more general measure. An empirical illustration shows the relevance of considering the distribution of poverty experiences among the population in an international analysis.

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