Se presenta un diagnóstico del grado de razonamiento científico de cinco grupos de estudiantes de primer ingreso a licenciaturas en ingeniería aplicando la prueba de aula de razonamiento científico de Lawson. Se aplicó el Cuestionario sobre Conceptos de Fuerza (Force Concept Inventory) para diagnosticar su nivel de conocimiento conceptual en Mecánica. La aplicación del Cuestionario mostró porcentajes de aciertos bajos en todos los rubros, principalmente los relacionados con Segunda Ley de Newton. Además, se analizaron los resultados del examen de selección EXANI-II aplicado por el Centro Nacional de Evaluación para la Educación Superior de México. En este caso, las puntuaciones del índice de razonamiento lógico matemático y las puntuaciones del examen diagnóstico de física fueron también bajas.

ResumenEn este trabajo se adaptó el programa de la asignatura Mecánica Clásica al enfoque de competencias haciendo el análisis y selección de las competencias genéricas a desarrollar. La experiencia se enmarca en el compromiso de la Facultad de Ingeniería Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán en México de formar ingenieros de calidad, capaces de desempeñarse exitosamente tanto en el campo industrial como en la academia. Se incluyeron los conocimientos y las habilidades a adquirir ordenados en una secuencia que se consideró idónea para desarrollar la competencia correspondiente. Se recomienda que para implantar un modelo como el descrito se den cursos de capacitación e inducción, tanto para profesores como para alumnos. Esto porque la adopción del modelo implica un cambio conceptual importante con respecto al modelo tradicional y que no es fácilmente comprendido. AbstractThe program of the course Classical Mechanics has been adapted to the competence approach by analyzing and selecting the generic skills to be developed during the course. The experiment is part of the commitment of the School of Chemical Engineering of the Autonomous University of Yucatan in Mexico to form qualified engineers, able to successfully perform in both the industry and the academia. Knowledge and skills were included in a sequence that was considered to be suitable for developing the corresponding competence. It is recommended that when implementing a model such as the one described in this paper, induction and training courses, for both students and instructors, should be delivered. This because the implementation of the model represents an important conceptual change with respect to the traditional model, and it is not easily comprehended

Multi-robot teams composed of ground and aerial vehicles have gained attention during the last few years. We present a scenario where both types of robots must monitor the same area from different view points. In this paper, we propose two Lloyd-based tracking strategies to allow the ground robots (agents) to follow the aerial ones (targets), keeping the connectivity between the agents. The first strategy establishes density functions on the environment so that the targets acquire more importance than other zones, while the second one iteratively modifies the virtual limits of the working area depending on the positions of the targets. We consider the connectivity maintenance due to the fact that coverage tasks tend to spread the agents as much as possible, which is addressed by restricting their motions so that they keep the links of a minimum spanning tree of the communication graph. We provide a thorough parametric study of the performance of the proposed strategies under several simulated scenarios. In addition, the methods are implemented and tested using realistic robotic simulation environments and real experiments.

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