a Tecnólogo Médico (MSc), b Bióloga (MSc), c Odontóloga. RESUMENObjetivo: Determinar la presencia de Escherichia coli en fluidos vaginales de mujeres con infección vaginal y analizar la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana. Método: Se estudiaron 425 muestras de mujeres con diagnóstico clínico de infección vaginal (casos) y 100 mujeres sanas (controles). Las muestras vaginales fueron estudiadas mediante los criterios de Amsel y Nugent. Se utilizaron diferentes metodologías para identificar: Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans, Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mobiluncus sp., Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, enterobacterias, bacilos Gram negativo anaerobios estrictos, Lactobacillus sp. y Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo. Resultados: Se observaron 160 casos de vaginitis y 265 de vaginosis. En los primeros predominó C. albicans y T. vaginalis, aislándose 27 cepas de E. coli. En los casos de vaginosis, G. vaginalis y E. coli fueron los más comunes. La mayor asociación se observó entre G. vaginalis y E. coli. En 47 casos se aisló únicamente E. coli, y en los controles se observaron 6 cepas de E. coli. El estudio caso-control demostró un OR: 4,7 (95% IC: 1,91-12,27). Sobre el 90% de las cepas aisladas de E. coli demostró sensibilidad a cefotaxima, ciprofloxacino y amikacina. Conclusión: E. coli de aislados monomicrobianos podría tener un rol potencial en la patogenia de la infección vaginal. PALABRAS CLAVES: Infección vaginal, E. coli, susceptibilidad antimicrobiana SUMMARYObjective: To determine the presence of Escherichia coli in vaginal fluids of women with vaginal infection and to study its antimicrobial susceptibility. Methods: 425 samples of women with clinical diagnosis of vaginal infection (cases) and 100 healthy women were studied (controls). The vaginal samples were studied by means of the criteria of Amsel and Nugent. Different methodologies were used to identify: Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans, Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mobiluncus sp., Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, enterobacterias, strict anaerobic Gram negative bacilli, Lactobacillus sp. and coagulase negative Staphylococcus. Results: 160 cases of vaginitis and 265 of vaginosis were observed. In vaginitis predominated C. albicans and T. vaginalis, and were isolated 27 E. coli strains. In the bacterial vaginosis, G. vaginalis and E. coli were the most common. The greater association was observed between G. vaginalis and E. coli. In
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