RESUMO. O ohjetivo deste trahalho foi quantificar os índices de crescimento, a produçâo e a dbtrihuicáo de materia seca da cultura da ahohrinha italiana cultivada em suhstrato de casca de arroz in natura com soluçâo nutritiva recirculante, em duas épocas de cultivo: primavera-veráo de 2005 e veráo-outono de 2006, caracterizadas, respectivamente, como períodos de alta e haixa disponibilidades de radiaçâo solar. Cada tratamento correspondeu a uma época de amostragem, sendo a produçâo de materia seca quantificada aos O, 18, 32, 46 e 68 dias após o transplante (DAT) no cultivo de primavera-veräo, e aos 0,15, 29, 43 e 55 DAT no cultivo de veráo-outono. A produçâo de materia seca foi maior quando a disponihilidade de radiaçâo sohr foi mais elevada. Nessa situacáo (alta disponihilidade de radiaçâo solar), os frutos caracterizaram-se como os maiores drenos da cultura, nao ocorrendo o mesmo em condiçôes de haixa disponihilidade de radiaçâo solar. As taxas de crescimento (da cultura, dos frutos, dos órg^os vegetativos aéreos e relativa) tamhém foram mais elevadas quando a radiaçâo solar disponível foi mais elevada. A razáo de área foliar e a área foliar específica apresentaram dinámicas semelhantes à taxa de crescimento relativo, decrescendo com o decorrer do período de cultivo.Palavras-chave: Cucúrbita pepo L., produçâo de materia seca, hidroponia, área foliar, radiaçâo solar, análise de crescimento.ABSTRACT. Grovvth dynamic of summer squash in two crop seasons. The objective of this work was to quantify the growth rates, dry matter production and distrihution of summer squash grown in raw rice husk medium with recirculating nutrient solution, in two crop seasons: spring-summer 2005 and summer-autumn 2006, which are periods characterized hy high and low solar radiation availahility, respectively. Each treatment corresponded to a sampling date and dry matter production was evaluated at 18, 32, 46 and 68 days after setting (DAS) in springsummer, and 15,29, 43 and 55 DAS in the summer-autumn crop season. Dry matter production was highest in high sobr radiation availahility conditions. In those conditions, fmits were characterized as the largest drains of the crop, which did not happen in low sohr radiation availahility. The growth rates (crop, fruits, shoot organs and relative crop rates) also were higher in high solar radiation availahility conditions. Leaf area ratio and specific leaf area showed similar dynamics to the relative crop rate, decreasing according with the time-course of the crop.
Characterization and performance of different substrates for lettuce plug-type transplants production under protected environment.The purpose of this work was to evaluate nine substrates for lettuce plug-type transplants production under plastic greenhouse. Two commercial substrates (Plantmax and Planta Forte) and one mixture recommended by the extension service (EMATER-RS) were compared with six formulated mixtures from "red-yellow podzolic soil" (S) or peat "Petrolini" (T) mixed in three different proportions on a volume/volume bases (1:3, 1:1, 3:1), with an earthworm compost (V). The physical and chemical proprieties of each treatment and the biological response were evaluated, as well as the technical and economical feasibility of producing these substrates in the farm. Best responses were obtained with S 75 V 25 , S 50 V 50 e S 25 V 75 mixtures. These substrates can substitute with advantage the two commercial substrates and the mixture recommended by extension service.
RESUMO -O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar a eficiência de diferentes testes de vigor na avaliação da qualidade fisiológica em sementes de mogango, relacionando os resultados obtidos em laboratório com o desempenho das plantas no campo. Os lotes foram avaliados pelos testes de germinação, primeira contagem, envelhecimento acelerado tradicional e com uso de solução salina não saturada de NaCl, (ambos a 41ºC/48 e 72h) e comparados com a emergência e o desenvolvimento inicial das plantas no campo. As plantas foram avaliadas aos quinze, vinte cinco e trinta e cinco dias após a semeadura. Foram determinados o comprimento de parte aérea e de raiz, número de folhas e massa seca de planta. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, utilizando-se quatro tratamentos (lotes) com quatro repetições. Conclui-se que o teste de envelhecimento acelerado tradicional por 72h permitiu classificar os lotes em diferentes níveis de vigor, e é o mais adequado para avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de mogango. Diferenças acentuadas quanto de vigor entre lotes de sementes de mogango influenciaram o desempenho inicial da cultura, especialmente o comprimento da parte aérea e a matéria seca da planta.Termos para Indexação: Cucurbita pepo, vigor, estabelecimento de plantas. MOGANGO PHYSIOLOGICAL SEED POTENTIAL AND FIELD PERFORMANCEABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to compare different vigor tests used to evaluate physiological quality in mogango seeds, and the relationship between the results obtained in the laboratory and field performance. The lots were evaluated by the following tests: standard germination, first count of germination, traditional accelerated aging and with non-saturated NaCl solution (both at 41ºC/48 and 72h) and compared with emergence and plant development. The plants were evaluated at fifteen, twenty five and thirty five days after sowing. Plant height, number of leaves and dry weight were estimated. A randomized complete block design was used with four treatments (lots) and four replications. Based on the results it was concluded that traditional 72h accelerated aging provided a better differentiation among mogango seed lots with different physiological quality. Variations in mogango seed lots can affect the initial plant performance, especially plant height and dry weight.
ResumoO trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação e objetivou analisar o crescimento e a partição de assimilados em Physalis peruviana submetida a intervalos de adubação foliar. As plantas foram coletadas a intervalos regulares de quatorze dias após o transplante até o final do ciclo e foram determinados a massa seca e a área foliar. A partir dos dados primários foi aplicada a análise de crescimento, sendo calculados a massa seca total (W t ), taxas de produção de matéria seca (C t ), crescimento relativo (R w ) e assimilatória liquída (E a ), índice de área foliar (L), razões de área foliar (F a ) e massa foliar (F w ), área foliar específica (S a ), partição de matéria seca entre órgãos e o número de frutos. Plantas de Physalis peruviana submetidas à adubação foliar quinzenal atingiram maior W t , C t , superior número de frutos e semelhante matéria seca de frutos (W fr ) a plantas submetidas à aplicação de adubação foliar semanal e superior W fr em relação a plantas sem adubação foliar. Desse modo, a aplicação de adubação foliar proporcionou benefícios no crescimento e na partição de assimilados em plantas de Physalis peruviana. Palavras-chave: Physalis peruviana, área foliar, matéria seca, taxas de crescimento AbstractThe work was conducted in greenhouse and aimed to analyze the growth and partitioning of assimilates in Physalis peruviana subjected in intervals of leaf fertilization. The plants were collected at regular intervals of fourteen days after transplantation until the end of the cycle and determined the dry mass and leaf area. From the primary data analysis was applied to growth analysis and calculated the total dry matter production (W t ), rates of dry matter production (C t ), relative growth (R w ), net assimilation (E a ), leaf area index (L), relative growth of leaf area (F a ) and ratios of leaf area and leaf mass (F w ), specific leaf area (S a ) and dry matter partitioning between organs. Plants of Physalis peruviana subjected to leaf fertilization biweekly reached higher W t , C t , number of fruits and similar dry mass of fruits (W fr ) of plants subjected to foliar weekly application and higher W fr compared to plants without application leaf of fertilization. Thus, the application of leaf fertilization provided benefits of growth and the partition of assimilates in Physalis peruviana plants.
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