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Motion pattern analysis uses methods for the recognition of physical activities recorded by wearable sensors, video-cameras, and global navigation satellite systems. This paper presents the motion analysis during cycling, using data from a heart rate monitor, accelerometric signals recorded by a navigation system, and the sensors of a mobile phone. The set of real cycling experiments was recorded in a hilly area with each route about 12 km long. The associated signals were analyzed with appropriate computational tools to find the relationships between geographical and physiological data including the heart rate recovery delay studied as an indicator of physical and nervous condition. The proposed algorithms utilized methods of signal analysis and extraction of body motion features, which were used to study the correspondence of heart rate, route profile, cycling speed, and cycling cadence, both in the time and frequency domains. Data processing included the use of Kohonen networks and supervised two-layer softmax computational models for the classification of motion patterns. The results obtained point to a mean time of 22.7 s for a 50 % decrease of the heart rate after a heavy load detected by a cadence sensor. Further results point to a close correspondence between the signals recorded by the body worn accelerometers and the speed evaluated from the GNSSs data. The accuracy of the classification of downhill and uphill cycling based upon accelerometric data achieved 93.9 % and 95.0 % for the training and testing sets, respectively. The proposed methodology suggests that wearable sensors and artificial intelligence methods form efficient tools for motion monitoring in the assessment of the physiological condition during different sports activities including cycling, running, or skiing. The use of wearable sensors and the proposed methodology finds a wide range of applications in rehabilitation and the diagnostics of neurological disorders as well.INDEX TERMS Multimodal signal analysis, computational intelligence, machine learning, motion monitoring, accelerometer-derived cycling data, classification.

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