BackgroundPregnancy is a good time to develop healthy lifestyle habits including regular exercise and good nutrition. Programs of physical exercise for pregnant women have been recommended; however, there are few references on this subject in the literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant women with respect to appropriate physical exercise during pregnancy, and also to investigate why some women do not exercise during pregnancy.MethodsA descriptive study was conducted in which 161 women of 18 to 45 years of age were interviewed in the third trimester of pregnancy. These women were receiving prenatal care at National Health Service (SUS) primary healthcare units and had no pathologies for which physical exercise would constitute a risk. The women were selected at an ultrasonography clinic accredited to the SUS in Campinas, São Paulo. A previously elaborated knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire was used to collect data, which were then stored in an Epinfo database. Statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test to evaluate the association between the study variables (p < 0.05).ResultsAlmost two-thirds (65.6%) of the women were sufficiently informed about the practice of physical exercise during pregnancy and the vast majority (93.8%) was in favor of it. Nevertheless, only just over 20% of the women in this sample exercised adequately. Significant associations were found between an adequate knowledge of physical exercise during pregnancy and education level (p = 0.0014) and between the adequate practice of physical exercise during pregnancy and having had fewer pregnancies (p = 0.0001). Lack of time and feeling tired and uncomfortable were the principal reasons given by the women for not exercising.ConclusionThese results suggest that women's knowledge concerning the practice of physical exercise during pregnancy is reasonable and their attitude is favorable; however, relatively few actually exercise during pregnancy.
Preferências de mulheres brasileiras quanto a mudanças na menstruação Preference of Brazilian women regarding menstrual changes Artigos originaisResumo OBJETIVO: avaliar a associação entre a experiência menstrual de mulheres e as mudanças preferidas na menstruação. MÉTODOS: estudo de corte transversal, no qual 420 mulheres foram entrevistadas, alocadas em três grupos de idade (18-20, 25-34 e 45-49 anos), e em dois grupos de escolaridade (≤8 séries e ≥12 séries), que tinham menstruado nos três meses que antecederam a entrevista. As mulheres foram selecionadas em Campinas (SP), em nove serviços de saúde privados e em sete públicos. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário construído com base nos resultados de um estudo piloto prévio realizado com grupos focais. Um banco de dados foi preparado com as informações registradas nos questionários e os dados foram analisados com o software SAS versão 8.2. Para análise estatística, foram utilizados o teste do χ 2 de Pearson e o teste exato de Fisher para avaliar a associação entre as variáveis estudadas (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: a maioria das mulheres preferia intervalos entre menstruações maiores que uma vez ao mês. Houve associação dos intervalos característicos da menstruação das mulheres, bem como do grau de interferência da menstruação nas atividades diárias, com o intervalo preferido entre menstruações, que é o maior que uma vez por mês (p=0,0248 e p=0,048, respectivamente). Não houve associação das características da dor: duração, intensidade e uso de medicação com o intervalo preferido pelas mulheres. CONCLUSÕES: os resultados sugerem que as mulheres gostariam de menstruar em intervalos maiores do que um mês ou até gostariam de nunca menstruar.Abstract PURPOSE: to evaluate the association between women's menstrual experience and preferred changes in their menstrual cycles. METHODS: a cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 420 women were interviewed. Participants complied with the following criteria: age (18 to 20, 25 to 34 and 45 to 49 years); schooling (≤8 years and ≥12 years); having menstruated during the three months previous to the study. Subjects were selected in the city of Campinas (SP), in nine private and seven public health services. For data collection, a questionnaire was prepared on the basis of the results of a previous pilot study that consisted of small groups. A data bank was prepared with the information registered in the questionnaires and the analysis was carried out with SAS, version 8.2. For the statistical analysis, the Pearson χ 2 test and the Fisher exact test were used to evaluate the association between variables (p<0.05). RESULTS: most subjects preferred greater than once a month intervals between menstruations. There was an association of the typical menstrual intervals experienced by women (p=0.0248) and the degree of interference of menstruation with daily activities (p=0.048) with the preferred interval between menses. However, there was no association between preferred intervals by women and the following chara...
OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação entre capacidades funcionais e qualidade de vida de idosos sedentários.MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 48 idosos (16 homens e 32 mulheres) sedentários para a pesquisa. As capacidades funcionais avaliadas foram: preensão manual (dinamômetro Jamar), velocidade de marcha (4,6m), teste de agilidade (time up and go –TUG) e o teste de levantar e sentar da cadeira. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada através do questionário WHOQOL-bref, considerando os domínios físico, psicológico, relações sociais e meio ambiente. Foram separados os grupamentos de maior e menor desempenho em cada capacidade funcional através da divisão por grupamentos K. Comparou-se os grupos de melhor e de pior desempenho para todos os domínios de qualidade de vida através do teste Mann-Whitney.RESULTADOS: A força de preensão manual foi significantemente associada à qualidade de vida total (r=0,3). Além disso, os grupos de maior força de preensão manual e maior velocidade no TUG apresentaram maior qualidade de vida.CONCLUSÕES: A força de preensão manual é a principal capacidade funcional diretamente associada à qualidade de vida de idosos. Este achado reforça a importância do treinamento de força muscular em programas voltados à qualidade de vida desta população.
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