Cette recherche porte sur les différences individuelles entre élèves lorsque ceuxci utilisent des échelles descriptives pour évaluer une production complexe. Plus précisément, elle a cherché à déterminer quelles caractéristiques du jugement de l’élève, pour ce qui est de la précision, de la sévérité et de la confiance, affectent leur rendement en écriture. La précision du jugement s’est avérée le meilleur prédicteur du rendement en écriture. Des différences importantes quant à l’habileté avec laquelle les élèves des groupes talentueux, doués ou en difficulté d’apprentissage utilisent les échelles descriptives ont également été observées. Même si les filles obtiennent de meilleures notes que les garçons à l’écrit, les différences entre les deux groupes quant à la précision, à la sévérité et à la confiance du jugement ne sont pas significatives. La comparaison des groupes francophone et anglophone au moyen des régressions multiples séparées indique que la compréhension des échelles descriptives contribue de la même manière au rendement en écriture dans chacun des groupes. Le degré de confiance, toutefois, s’est révélé significativement plus bas chez les francophones. Il n’y pas eu d’amélioration significative dans la capacité à évaluer des textes écrits entre la 5e et la 8e année. La recherche conclut en soulignant l’importance des dimensions socioaffectives du jugement de l’élève dans l’utilisation d’échelles descriptives.The purpose of this research was to study individual differences among students using rating scales (“rubrics”) to assess a complex performance. More precisely, we tried to determine which characteristics of a student’s judgment in terms of accuracy, severity and confidence have an impact on writing achievement. Accuracy was found to be the best predictor of writing achievement. Several important differences in the students’ ability to use rating scales were found among students with learning difficulties, gifted and talented students. Despite the fact that girls usually had better marks in writing, no differences were found between boys and girls as far as accuracy, severity and confidence were concerned. Multiple regressions on francophone and anglophone students’ results indicated that rating scales contributed in the same way to writing achievement in both groups. Degree of confidence in one’s assessment of a peer’s writing was significantly lower among francophones. No significant improvement in judgment accuracy was found from grade 5 to grade 8. The research concludes by stressing the importance of socio-affective aspects of a student’s judgment in the use of rating scales.Esta investigação incide nas diferenças individuais entre alunos quando estes utilizam escalas descritivas para avaliar uma produção complexa. Mais precisamente, procurou determinar quais as categorias do juízo do aluno, em termos de precisão, de severidade e de confiança, que afectam o seu rendimento na escrita. A precisão do juízo revelou-se o melhor indicador de rendimento, na escrita. Observaram-se, também, diferença...
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