No abstract

This study aims to analyze, through an integrative review, the applicability of methodologies in a context of distance education. The search for articles was carried out on the Google Scholar research platform, using the descriptors Distance Education, Problem-Based Learning, and Health Education. At the end, 12 articles were selected, whose analysis allowed the identification of three categories that address the historical evolution of teaching methodologies, tools, and their applicability to the current Brazilian context, and main difficulties. The study of the literature confirmed the increasingly important role of the insertion of technological resources in health education, and allowed the identification of resources having greater practicality and feasibility of application in the current setting in Brazil. Among the Digital Technologies of Information and Communication allowing the use of methodologies as a way of teaching, the use of digital narratives in the learning process and virtual learning platforms stands out.

Patients with epilepsy face innumerable obstacles in daily life, related to work, permission to drive and interpersonal relationships, which require medical guidance. This paper reports a literature review based on scientific articles and civil and traffic system, as a way to resolve doubts about medical obligations in the patient’s permission to drive and work. An employment agreement requires the contractor to guarantee safety conditions as well as requiring the patient, at the pre-employment medical examination, to let the physician know previous medical conditions, including epilepsy. More than 90% of patients with epilepsy omit this information during the application assessment, thus being subject to imputation of ideological falsehood crime as disposied on article 299 of Brazilian Penal Code. Medical confidentiality breaches may only occur in specific situations. In Brazil, the authorization and driver’s license renewal is governed by the Brazilian Traffic Code (Federal Law n° 9503/1997). For patient evaluations, two groups are considered: those on antiepileptic medication and those on medication withdrawal. A favorable report from the attending physician is also required, in both categories. Seizures that occur exclusively during sleep, and focal aware events or prolonged aura are not differentiated from other seizure types disposed in the traffic law. It is the responsibility of the attending physician to analyze each patient individually to resolve conflicts between public safety and the individual patient’s independence. A frank and honest doctor-patient relationship is essential for the patient to understand the public and individual consequences of epileptic seizures and to feel comfortable seeking medical help.

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