Massive ovarian edema is an unusual cause of ovarian enlargement in young patients. Most cases are thought to result from venous and lymphatic obstruction, producing edema. We report the case of a 15-year-old girl with bilateral massive ovarian edema, findings on ultrasound imaging, and a review of the literature. The sonographic appearance is non-specific and can mimic neoplasia, and the definitive diagnosis requires histological examination. It is, however, an important condition to consider in a young patient with a complex ovarian mass in an appropriate clinical setting, as conservative treatment with ovarian preservation is often possible.

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A mask was designed to allow inhalation anaesthesia to be used on guineapigs ( Cavia porcellus) whilst placed in a stereotaxic frame. To date, anaesthesia has been maintained in approximately 60 animals using this method, with no mortalities.

There is strong evidence that psychosocial variables, including pain catastrophizing, influence parental and child ratings of pain, pain expression, and long-term outcomes among children with chronic pain. The role of these factors among children who have communication deficits due to cerebral palsy (CP) and other intellectual and developmental disabilities is currently unclear. In this study, parental pain catastrophizing was assessed before intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pump implantation for spasticity management in 40 children and adolescents with CP, aged 4 to 24 years. Pain was assessed before and after surgery with two methods: a parent-reported pain interference scale, and behavioral pain signs during a standardized range of motion exam. Linear mixed models with clinical/demographic factors and scores from the Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Parents (PCS-P), and child spoken language ability as predictors and the pain variables as the outcomes were implemented. On average, both pain outcomes improved after surgery. Only child spoken language ability predicted change in behavioral reactivity scores, with children with phrase speech showing an increase in reactivity at follow-up compared to pre-surgery levels, on average. A significant interaction between PCS-P scores and spoken language ability on change in pain interference scores over time showed that dyads with children with phrase speech whose parents reported high PCS-P scores reported the least improvement in pain interference at follow-up. Due to the preliminary nature of the study, future work is needed to investigate the parental behaviors that mediate the relationships between parental catastrophizing and pain outcomes in this population.