ABSTRACT. Current research evaluates productivity, stocking and nutritional rates of three forage systems with Elephant Grass (EG) + Italian Ryegrass (IR) + Spontaneous Growth Species (SGS), without forage legumes; EG + IR + SGS + Forage Peanut (FP), mixed with FP; and EG + IR + SGS + Red Clover (RC), mixed with RC, in rotational grazing method by lactating cows. IR developed between rows of EG. FP was maintained, whilst RC was sow to respective forage systems. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three treatments and two replication, subdivided into parcels over time. Mean rate for forage yield and average stocking rate were 10.6, 11.6 and 14.4 t ha , for the respective systems. Levels of crude protein and total digestible nutrients were 17.8, 18.7 and 17.5%; 66.5, 66.8 and 64.8%, for the respective forage systems. The presence of RC results in better and higher forage yield in the mixture, whilst FP results in greater control of SGS. The inclusion of forage legumes in pasture systems provides better nutritional rates. Sistemas forrageiros consorciados com leguminosas sob pastej com vacas em lactação RESUMO. O objetivo nesta pesquisa foi avaliar a produtividade, a taxa de lotação e o valor nutritivo de três sistemas forrageiros: capim elefante (CE) + azevém (AZ) + espécies de crescimento espontâneo (ECE), sem leguminosa; CE + AZ + ECE + amendoim forrageiro (AM), consórcio com AM; e CE + AZ + ECE + trevo vermelho (TV), consórcio com TV, em pastejo com lotação rotacionada utilizando vacas em lactação. Possibilitou-se o desenvolvimento do AZ entre as touceiras de CE. O AM foi preservado na área e o TV foi semeado, respectivamente para os sistemas forrageiros. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos, duas repetições e parcelas subdividas no tempo. Os valores médios de produção e das taxas de lotação foram de 10,6; 11,6 e 14,4 t ha , para os respectivos sistemas. Os teores de proteína bruta e de nutrientes digestíveis totais foram de 17,77; 18,70 e 17,45%; 66,47; 66,77 e 64,76% para os respectivos sistemas. O consórcio com TV resulta em melhor e maior produção de forragem, enquanto o consórcio com AM resulta em melhor controle de ECE. A inclusão de leguminosas forrageiras implica em melhor valor nutritivo do pasto. Palavras-chave:Arachis pintoi, Lolium multiflorum, lotação rotacionada, Pennisetum purpureum, Trifolium pratense.

Mixed pasture grass-legume systems balance forage supply and minimize environmental impacts by reducing the need for nitrogen fertilization. Pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi Krap. and Greg. “Amarillo”) has several traits that are suitable for mixed pastures but have not yet been adequately explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate a mixture of Tifton 85 bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) and pinto peanut and evaluate forage yield, crude protein, and stocking density. A two-year study of three grazing systems was used with the following treatment combinations: (a) Tifton 85 (T) + 100 kg N ha-1 yr-1 + pinto peanut (T + PP+100); (b) T + 100 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (T + 100; control, pure grass); and (c) T + 200 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (T + 200; positive control, pure grass). In this study, forage yield, pasture characteristics and responses of lactating cows were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments (grazing systems), three replicates (paddocks), and repeated measures (grazing cycles within seasons). Forage accumulation, crude protein concentration, and stocking rate were 15.1; 11.3 and 14.1 t DM ha-1 yr-1; 17%, 16%, and 17%; and 5.3; 4.9 and 6.1 AU ha-1 day-1, respectively. The grass-legume system yielded the best results.

RESUMO Esta pesquisa foi conduzida com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade de dois genótipos de trigo de duplo propósito, BRS Tarumã e BRS Umbu, submetidos ao pastejo com vacas em lactação. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente ao acaso, com dois tratamentos (genótipos), três repetições (piquetes) e medidas repetidas no tempo (pastejos). Avaliaram-se a precocidade, a composição estrutural dos trigos, as produções de forragem e de biomassa de lâminas foliares, as taxas de acúmulo diário de forragem e de lâminas foliares, a taxa de lotação, as ofertas de forragem e de lâminas foliares, a eficiência de pastejo, o consumo aparente e a produção de grãos. O trigo mais precoce para produção de forragem foi o BRS Umbu. Houve diferença para a produção de forragem (3196 vs. 4143kg MS/ha) e de lâminas foliares (2281 vs. 3205kg MS/ha) para os genótipos BRS Umbu e BRS Tarumã, respectivamente. Valores similares foram encontrados para taxa de lotação (2,26UA/ha); eficiência de pastejo (52,26%), consumo aparente (2,91%) e produção de grãos (1716kg/ha). O genótipo BRS Tarumã é o mais indicado para o manejo de duplo propósito em condições de pastejo com vacas em lactação. Palavras-chave: cereais de inverno, forragem, grãos, Triticum aestivum ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the productivity of two dual-purpose wheat genotypes BRS Tarumã and BRS Umbu under grazing with lactating cows. The experimental design was completely randomized, with two treatments, three replications (paddocks) and repeated measures (grazing cycles).Studied variables were early growth, the structural composition of wheat, forage production, leaf blade biomass, the stocking rate, the herbage and leaf blade allowance, the grazing efficiency, the herbage intake and grain yield. The earliest genotype for forage production was the BRS Umbu. Differences in herbage yield between BRS Umbu and BRS Tarumã genotypes (3196 vs. 4143kg DM/ha)

Valor nutritivo de pastagens de Coastcross-1 em consórcio com diferentes leguminosas de ciclo hibernal[Nutritive value of coastcross-1 pastures mixed to different cool season legumes] RESUMO Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar três sistemas forrageiros constituídos por Coastcross-1 (CC) + 100kg de N/ha/ano + ervilhaca comum; CC + 100kg de N/ha/ano + trevo vesiculoso; e CC + 200kg de N/ha/ano. Durante o período experimental (345 dias), foram realizados treze pastejos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente ao acaso, com três tratamentos (sistemas forrageiros), três repetições (piquetes) em parcelas subdividas no tempo (valores médios dos pastejos em cada estação do ano). Para avaliação, foram utilizadas vacas em lactação da raça Holandesa. Amostras de simulação de pastejo foram coletadas para análise de proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e ácido (FDA), digestibilidade in situ da matéria seca (DISMS) e da matéria orgânica (DISMO) e os nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT). Os valores médios para PB, FDN, FDA, DISMS, DISMO e NDT foram de 18,1; 16,7 e 17,6%; 57,8; 58,9 e 58,7%; 26,5; 26,5 e 26,7%; 79,6; 78,9 e 80,6%; 79,8; 79,1 e 80,6%; 72,1; 71,4 e 72,7%, respectivamente. Melhores resultados de valor nutritivo foram obtidos no inverno, em especial para o consórcio de Coastcross-1 com ervilhaca. Palavras-chave: Cynodon dactylon, Trifolium vesiculosum, vacas em lactação, Vicia sativa ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to evaluate three grazing systems with Coastcross-1 (CC) + 100kg N/ha/year + common vetch; CC + 100kg N/ha/year + arrowleaf clover; and CC + 200kg N/ha/year. Thirteen grazing cycles were performed during the experimental period (345 days). The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments (grazing systems), three replicates (paddocks) in completely split-plot time (average values of grazing season). Lactating Holstein cows were used in the evaluation. Forage mass and botanical composition were evaluated. Samples from the hand-plucking method were collected to analyze crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid (ADF), in situ digestibility of dry matter (ISDMD) and organic matter (ISOMD) and total digestible nutrients (TDN). The averages of CP, NDF, ADF, ISDMD, ISOMD and TDN were 18.1, 16.7 and 17.6 %; 57.8, 58.9 and 58.7 %; 26.5, 26.5 and 26.7 %; 79.6, 78.9 and 80.6 %; 79.8, 79.1 and 80.6 %; 72.1, 71.4 and 72.7 %, respectively. Better results for nutritive value were found during winter, especially on Coastcross-1 mixed with common vetch.

Three grazing systems with Coastcross-1 bermuda grass (CC) + 100 kg N ha-1 year-1 + common vetch; CC + 100 kg N ha-1 year-1 + arrowleaf clover; and CC + 200 kg N ha-1 year-1 were evaluated. Thirteen grazing cycles were performed during the experimental period (313 days), with two, five, four and two cycles respectively in winter, spring, summer and fall. Lactating Holstein cows were used in the evaluation. Daily accumulation rate, forage production, rate of forage disappearance, agronomic intake, grazing efficiency, herbage allowance and stocking rate were evaluated. Mean rates of forage yield and stocking rate were 20.8; 17.6 and 19.7 t DM ha-1 and 7.0; 6.8 to 6.8 animal units ha-1 day-1 for the respective forage systems. The mixture Coastcross-1 plus common vetch, fertilized with 100 kg N ha-1 year-1 and Coastcross-1 fertilized with 200 kg N ha-1 year-1 provided greater productivity and better distribution of forage throughout the seasons.