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Allocation of radiological instruments was based on a computer simulation of a Community Shelter Program (CSP) posture. This simula tion combined for the first time data consisting of National Shelter Survey (NSS) data, the Bureau of the Census 1970 count of home base ments, the 1970 residential population, the CRP-2B hypothetical nuclear »ttack, and geographical coordinates for each of 42,000 Standard Loca tion Areas (SLAs) throughout the United States. This detailed data base allowed the estimation of the number of NSS facilities and spaces occupied within a specified radius frori a given SLA. The allocations of radiological instruments for th*. CSP mode were based on a shelter posture in which all NSS shelters in the home SLA and empty NSS spaces in adjoining SLAs within a 1-mile radium could be occupied. Home basements were shared, with up to 50 people per basement, in areas where there were insufficient NSS shelter spaces. Aboveground NSS spaces and those with a protection factor (PF) less than 40 were not used in SLAs in which the blast overpressure from the CRP-2B attack would be 2 psl or greater. In this posture, 31% of the U.S. population was sheltered in NSS shelters, 60Z in home base ments, and 9Z in neither. Of 36 million home basements, approximately one million were shared with nonresidents. Only 18Z of the total NSS shelter spaces were utilized because of the elimination of aboveground •paces In risk areas and the 1-mlle distance restriction. Occupied NSS shelters were categorized by waiter of occupants to provide a basis for Instrument allocation. Thirty-seven percent of the occupied NSS shelters had less than 50 occupant? each, and six percent had an average occupancy of about: 2300.

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The Bureau of the Census listing of geographical coordinates of centroids of all enumeration districts together with population counts from the U. S. 1970 Census of Population was used to contruct via computer five nationwide geographical grids of population density with sector dimensions of 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.1, and 0.25 degrees of latitude and longitude. The entire population of a district was assigned to a grid sector if the coordinates of the district centroid fell within the boundaries of the sector. The sectors were then rank-ordered according to population density, and listings were made of sector population, population density, geographical location, cumulative population, area of sector, and cumulative area. The five sets of data were synthesized into single equations describing population as a function of density in one case and of area in another. From these data it was found, for example, that about 800,000 people live in 19 sectors of 0.01-degree dimensions with a population density of 100,000 people per square mile or greater (nearly all in Manhattan); about 10 million live in 183 sectors of 0.02-degree dimensions with a population density of 23,000 per square mile or greater; and about half of the total U. S. population, that is, about 100 million people, reside within about 0.6 percent of the area of the United States, that is, within 20,000 square miles.Four representative displays of population density are shown for the Northeast Corridor, including isometric views and a contour map.

No abstract