RESUMOA saúde bucal afeta a qualidade de vida e dignidade pessoal dos pacientes. Esse impacto parece ser mais grave em indivíduos medicamente comprometidos ou hospitalizados. O projeto intitulado "Atenção estomatológica em pacientes hospitalizados e portadores de doenças infectocontagiosas" desenvolveu atividades de atenção primária à saúde por meio de ações educativas e preventivas das doenças bucais nos indivíduos portadores de doenças infectocontagiosas que estavam em tratamento no Hospital Oswaldo Cruz (Curitiba/PR). Os indivíduos que participaram deste projeto foram submetidos a exame odontológico sob o auxílio de luz artificial nas enfermarias. Quando necessário, biópsias foram realizadas nos pacientes com lesões bucais sem diagnóstico clínico definitivo. 289 homens (65,38%) e 153 mulheres (34,62%) foram examinados. A média de idade dos indivíduos foi de 41 anos. As condições bucais mais frequentemente diagnosticadas nestes pacientes foram: doença periodontal, cárie, língua saburrosa e a candidose bucal. Este grupo de pacientes apresenta um risco elevado ao desenvolvimento de doenças bucais, especialmente as infecções oportunistas e as neoplasias. O diagnóstico precoce, o tratamento e a prevenção destas entidades promovem uma melhoria na saúde e na qualidade de vida destes indivíduos e o cirurgião-dentista desempenha um papel fundamental neste processo.
ObjectivesTo evaluate the oral condition of alcohol and tobacco dependents and identify salivary protein candidates for biomarkers of oral disorders.Subjects and methodsThirty‐three male volunteers were evaluated for alcohol abuse rehabilitation; nine were selected for proteomic analysis. Intraoral examination was performed, and non‐stimulated saliva was collected. Salivary proteins were extracted and processed for analysis. A list of proteins identified in saliva was generated from the database and manually revised, obtaining the total number of candidate biomarkers for oral disorders.ResultsThe mean age (n = 33) was 42.94 ± 8.61 years. Fourteen (42.4%) subjects presented with 23 oral mucosa changes, and 31 (94%) had dental plaque. A total of 282 proteins were found in saliva (n = 9), of which 26 were identified as candidates for biomarkers of oral disorders. After manual review, 21 proteins were selected. The highest number of candidates for biomarkers was associated with carcinoma of head and neck (n = 10), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n = 6), and periodontal disease (n = 6).ConclusionAlcohol and tobacco dependents showed gingival inflammation, and less than half of them showed oral mucosa changes. Twenty‐one protein candidates for biomarkers of oral disorders were identified in saliva. The two major oral disorders in number of candidates for biomarkers were head and neck cancer and periodontal disease.
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