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RESUMO -A produção de leite de vacas Hereford primíparas e multíparas manejadas sobre campo nativo foi estudada utilizando-se 144 lactações em um período de quatro anos (1995, 1998, 2000, 2001). A estimativa da produção de leite foi realizada em intervalos de 21 dias pela técnica da pesagem antes e após a mamada, do nascimento à desmama (189 dias). Foram considerados os fatores fixos ano, ordem de parto, prenhez, sexo do bezerro e raça do touro. As vacas multíparas produziram mais leite (8,27+0,26) que as primíparas (5,81+0,25 kg dia -1 ) no pico de lactação (42 dias). A produção total de leite em multíparas também foi superior (158,34+25,51) à das primíparas (915,44+24,47 kg). A produção de leite não foi influenciada pelos demais fatores. A maior produção de leite durante o pico de lactação consiste na principal diferença entre as curvas de lactação de vacas multíparas e primíparas, que, no entanto, apresentam amplitude de produção de leite similar nas condições estudadas. O leite fornece a energia suficiente para atender às exigências de mantença e ganho dos bezerros durante os dois primeiros meses da lactação e, apenas para mantença, até o quarto mês de lactação. Palavras-chave: bovinos de corte, produção de leite Lactation performance of Hereford cows raised in a range system in the state of Rio Grande do SulABSTRACT -Milk yield of primiparous and multiparous Hereford cows grazing native pastures was studied using 144 lactations from four different years (1995, 1998, 2000, 2001). Estimates of milk yield were obtained every 21-day interval from birth to weaning (189 d) by the weigh-suckle-weigh technique. Effects of year, calving order, pregnancy, calf sex, and sire breed were studied. Multiparous cows (8.27+0.26 kg/d) yielded more milk than primiparous cows (5.81+0.25 kg/d) at peak of lactation (42 d). Total milk yield also was higher for multiparous (1,158.34+25.51 kg/d) compared to primiparous (915.44+24.47 kg/d). Therefore, the main difference between multiparous and primiparous lactation curves was production at peak although similar lactation persistence was found. All remaining effects did not affect milk yield in the present trial.Milk met calf requirements for maintenance and growth in the first 2 months of lactation and only maintenance requirements until the fourth month.

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The objective of this experiment was to determine if 2 doses of prostaglandin F(2α) (PGF) administered concurrently at controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR) removal was an efficacious method for delivery of PGF in the 5-d CO-Synch + CIDR protocol. Postpartum beef cows (n = 2,465) from 13 herds in 8 states were enrolled in the 5-d CO-Synch + CIDR protocol and assigned to receive 2 doses of PGF (25 mg/dose) 8 h apart with the initial injection given at CIDR insert removal (8h-PGF), 2 doses (25 mg/dose) of PGF delivered in 2 injection sites, both administered at CIDR insert removal (Co-PGF), or a single 25-mg dose of PGF at CIDR insert removal (1x-PGF). Cows were fixed timed-artificially inseminated (FTAI) 72 h after CIDR removal concurrent with GnRH administration. Estrus-cycling status (54% cyclic) was determined by evaluation of progesterone in 2 blood samples collected before CIDR insertion. Determination of pregnancy was performed by transrectal ultrasonography 39 ± 0.1 d after FTAI and at least 35 d after the conclusion of the breeding season. Fixed timed-AI pregnancy rates were greater (P < 0.05) for the 8h-PGF (55%) than the 1x-PGF (48%) treatment, with the Co-PGF (51%) treatment intermediate and not different (P > 0.10) from the other treatments. Contrast analysis demonstrated that cows receiving 50 mg of PGF (8h-PGF and Co-PGF) had greater (P < 0.05) FTAI pregnancy rates than those receiving 25 mg (1x-PGF). Pregnancy rates to FTAI were greater (P < 0.05) in cyclic (55%) than noncyclic (47%) and greater (P < 0.05) in multiparous (≥3 yr of age; 54%; n = 1,940) than primiparous cows (40%; n = 525). Luteolysis after PGF treatment was assessed in a subset of cows (n = 277) and treatment tended (P = 0.09) to affect the proportion of cows having luteolysis. The percentage of cows that had luteolysis was least in the 1x-PGF treatment (89%) and greatest in the 8h-PGF treatment (97%), with the Co-PGF treatment (94%) being intermediate. Breeding season pregnancy rate (88%) did not differ (P > 0.10) among treatments but was greater (P < 0.01) in multiparous (90%) than primiparous (78%) cows. In summary, 50 mg of PGF was required in the 5-d CO-Synch + CIDR protocol to maximize pregnancy rates; however, pregnancy rate did not differ when 50 mg of PGF was administered simultaneously with CIDR removal or split with 25 mg administered at 0 and 8 h after CIDR removal.